128 



BOTANY AND PHARMACOGNOSY. 



marginal, they are said to be innate; wlien they adhere longi- 

 tudinally to the filament and the latter extends slightly beyond 

 them, they are said to be adnate, in which case they may be 

 extrorse or introrse. In some of the Labiatse the lobes of the 

 anther are united at the apex of the filament, but diverge from the 

 point of attachment and are said to be connate, coherent or 



CONFLUENT. 



The Connective is that portion of the filament to which the 

 lobes of the anther are attached or which connects them (Fig. 8i) ; 

 usually, it is not very prominent; but in some of the Labiatae, as 



Fig. 82. Union of stamens. A, united anthers of fiower of CompositEE; B, diadelphous 

 stamens of Pisuni with i free stamen and 9 united; several types of monadelphous 

 stamens, as in Erythroxylon (C), Melia Azedarach (D), and common mallow (E). — After 

 Baillon. 



in Salvia, it is rather broad ; in some of the Malvaceae it is entirely 

 wanting, the two lobes being confluent ; in other cases it may be 

 extended beyond the lobes of the anther, as in species of Asarunt. 

 Appendages of Anther. — In certain instances the anthers 

 are appendaged (Fig. 8i) : In the violets there is a triangular 

 growth at the apex ; in the oleander the apex is plumose ; in deer 

 berry (Polycodium stamineum) there are two awn-like append- 

 ages upon the back of the anther ; in the violets the two stamens 

 that project into the spurred petal are also spurred and secrete a 

 nectar; in the Asclepiadaceae the anthers possess wing-like ap- 

 pendages, each sack or division of which contains a pear-shaped 

 coherent mass of pollen grains (pollinium). 



