2l6 



BOTANY AND PHAR]\IACOGNOSY. 



INNER MORPHOLOGY OF FRUITS. 



The inner structure of fruits is quite variable and it is difficult 

 to treat of this in a general way. In the simplest fruits there are 



Fig. 1 20. Transverse (I) and longitudinal (II) sections of oat grain (Avetta sativa) : 



I, 2, cells of pericarp; 3, seed-coat; 4, remains of perisperm; 5, cells containing gluten; 



,. 7, endosperm cells containing considerable proteids and some starch; 6, endosperm cells 



with polygonal compound starch grains; 8, fibro vascular bundle of the pericarp. — Aiter Harz. 



three distinct layers, as in the capsule of cardamom, in which 

 there' is an outer epidermis of isodiametric or polygonal cells. 



