CLASSIFICATION OF ANGIOSPERMS. 255 



the tropical regions and some in temperate regions. The flowers 

 are unisexual, with a 4- to 5-parted perianth and occur in spikes 

 or ament-like clusters. 



Cannabis saliva. — This is the plant yielding hemp and the drug 

 Cannabis Indica (p. 635). The plant is an annual branching 

 herb from i to 3 M. high. The leaves are alternate above, oppo- 

 site below, digitate with 5 to 11 linear-lanceolate, serrate lobes 

 (Fig. 273). The flowers are dioecious^ the staminate occurring 

 in panicles and the pistillate in erect simple spikes. The inner 

 bark of the stem is fibrous and it is from this that the hemp fiber 

 is prepared. 



Humiilns Lupulus or<%op is a twining perennial plant, curving 

 to the right, with opposite, palmately 3- to 7-lobed (or simply 

 dentate above) rough leaves (Fig. 136). The flowers are dioe- 

 cious, the staminate ones occurring in panicles and the pistillate 

 in ament-like spikes. On the inner surface of each scale of the 

 ament occur two flowers consisting of a membranous perianth 

 and a bicarpellary ovary with two long styles. After fertiliza- 

 tion the aments become cone-like and this compound fruit con- 

 stitutes the hop of commerce. This fruit differs essentially from 

 the true strobiles or cones of the Gymnosperms in that the seed in 

 the latter is replaced by an akene. " Hops " are used in medicine 

 (p. 582) and in brewing. 



Fictis Carica, which yields the official fig, is a deciduous tree 

 from 3 to 7 M. high, and with large, S-lobed, petiolate leaves. 

 The flowers are situated in a hollow torus, the walls of which 

 after fertilization become thick and fleshy constituting the fruit 



(P-'59o)- 



A large number of the plants belonging to the Moraceae yield 

 economic products, some of which, as the drug Cannabis indica 

 obtained from Cannabis sativa, are extremely poisonous. Hash- 

 ish or BHANG is a preparation made from the dried leaves, stems 

 and flowers of the pistillate plants and is smoked either alone or 

 with tobacco, or chewed in combination with other substances, or 

 an intoxicating drink is made from it, it being extensively used 

 by the inhabitants of Arabia, Persia, India and other oriental 

 countries. The leaves of Ficus Ribes of the Philippine and Mo- 

 lucca Islands are smoked like opium. The milk-juice of a number 



