CLASSIFICATION OF ANGIOSPERMS. 299 



A yellow coloring principle is found in the dyer's broom 

 {Genista tinctoria) of Europe and Asia and naturalized in the 

 New England States. G. ovata of Europe yields a similar dye. 



Cop.\L Resins are derived from a number of the Leguminosse: 

 American copal from Hymcncca Cotibaril of the West Indies and 

 South America ; Brazilian copal from H. Martiana of Rio Negro ; 

 Zanzibar or Chakazzi-copal from Trachylobium mozamhicensis of 

 Western Africa ; Sierra Leone copal (yellow gum, red gum) from 

 Copaiba Guibonrtia of Sierra Leone ; Inhambane copal from Co- 

 paiba coiijiigata and C. Gorskiana of Singapore, Jamaica and 

 Australia. 



Probably the majority of the loco-weeds or plants containing 

 principles poisonous to cattle belong to the Leguminosas, and of 

 these the following may be mentioned : California loco-weed 

 (Astragalus crotalaricc) , Texas or woolly loco-weed {A. inollis- 

 sriiins), rattle-box (Crotalaria sagiftalis) found in the Eastern 

 United States and Canada. It is not certain to what principles 

 the poisonous action of these plants is due. CUtoria glycinoidcs 

 of Brazil, Phaca ochroleucaca of Chile and Oxytropis Lambertii 

 of Mexico are poisonous to horses and should probably be included 

 with the loco-weeds. 



A large number of the plants belonging to the Leguminosse 

 contain toxic principles and those which have not already been 

 considered might be grouped according to the principles which 

 they contain. 



1. Arrow-poison group, including the genera Erythro- 

 phloeum, Afzelia and Pithecolobium. 



2. FiSH-POisoN group, including the genera Albizzia, Afzelia, 

 Bauhinia, Barbiera, Enterolobium, Leucaena, Millettia, Tephrosia, 

 Acacia, Abrus, Clitoria, Mundulea, Derris, Lonchocarpus, Pisci- 

 dia (P. Erythrina or Jamaica dogwood, which contains a curare- 

 like alkaloid). 



3. SAPONiN-containing plants, as the genera Acacia, Albizzia, 

 Entada {E. scandens or the sea bean of the East and West Indies), 

 Enterolobium, Gleditschia and Gymnocladus {G. dioica or Ken- 

 tucky coffee-tree growing in the United States and Canada) . 



4. CvTisiNE-containing plants ; the alkaloid cytisiiie is found in 

 Laburnum vulgare and L. alpinum growing wild in Southern 



