640 BOTANY AND PHARMACOGNOSY. 



VII. EXUDATIONS, JUICES AND OTHER PLANT PRODUCTS. 



A large number of substances are used in medicine which 

 represent to a greater or less extent the constituents of the cells 

 or alteration or decomposition products of them. These include 

 exudations, inspissated juices, extracts, products of distillation, 

 etc. The exudation products of milk-vessels or secretion reser- 

 voirs are eliminated either through natural or artificial wounds 

 of the stem, and they are collected in special receptacles, as in the 

 case of gamboge, scammony and turpentine; or they are allowed 

 to dry and more or less harden on the stem, afterward being col- 

 lected, as acacia and tragacanth; or the more or less plastic or 

 partially dried exudation may be made into masses, as those of 

 lactucarium and opium. These products may be grouped accord- 

 ing to their origin, some of them being derived from the Conif erae : 



I. Natural Exudations. 



Carbohydrates ... f Gummy exudations { '.\\'.'.',',\['_\\\\[\\',[[[[',\\ Tragacantha 



( Saccharine exudation Manna 



Balsam Styrax 



Balsamic resin Benzoin 



Oleo-resins f • • ■ • v.' V : Terebinthina 



\ Terebmthina canadensis 



Asafetida 



Gum-resins J Cambogia 



Myrrha 



Scammonium 



.Guaiacum 



I- Resins J Mastiche 



I Fix burgundica 



Ela.stica 



Milk-juices ( Lactucarium 



(^ Opium 



2. An Excrescence. 

 Formed as a result of the puncture of an insect Galla 



3. Artificially Prepared Products. 



Carbohydrates — Starch grains Amylum 



T., u L J . ( Extract Gambir or Catechu 



Kon-carbohydrates J ^[^^ 



(.Inspissated juices. . ! Kino 



Product of destructive distillation Pix Liquida 



Residue from the distillation of turpentine , Colophony 



Resinous products 



