POWDERED DRUGS AND FOODS. 



761 



The powder of Cassia buds (flowers of Cinnainoinum Cassia) 

 is characterized by numerous thick-walled, irregularly curved 

 simple hairs ; fragments of reticulate and scalariform trachea ; 

 and broad, blunt bast fibers. 



131. SARSAPARILLA.— Dark brown (Figs. 193, 194) ; 

 sclerenchymatous fibers very thick-walled, somewhat lignified ; 

 tracheae large, strongly lignified, scalariform, reticulate, and with 

 simple pores ; the walls of endodermis and hypodermis variously 

 thickened ; starch grains somewhat spherical, 7 to 20 /* in diameter. 



Fig. 305, Cassia cinnamon; st, stp, stone cells; pr, bp, parenchyma containing 

 starch grains; bf, bast fibers; P, cork cells with lignified walls. Numerous simple and 

 compound starch grains are shown at the left and among the fragments of tissues. — After 

 Moeller. 



single or 2- to 4-compound ; calcium oxalate in raphides 6 to 8 /* 

 long. It is distinguished from American Sarsaparilla, yielded by 

 Aralia nudicanlis, in that the latter has rosette aggregates of 

 calcium oxalate 35 to 80 /u in diameter. 



132. CONVALLARIA. — Dark brown (Fig. 114); calcium 

 oxalate in raphides about 45 /* long; starch grains somewhat 

 spherical, 3 to 12 /^ in diameter, single or 2- to 4-compound ; 

 trachese spiral or scalariform ; sclerenchymatous fibers long, thin- 

 walled, with simple pores; endodermis with inner walls much 

 thickened. 



