CATALOGUE OF PLANTS FOUND IN NEW 
JERSEY. 
BY N. L. BRITTON, PH.D. 
INTRODUCTION. 
The State of New Jersey is 8,224 square miles in area, lying be- 
tween the parallels of 38° 55’ 50” and 41° 21’ 22” north latitude, 
and the meridians 73° 55’ 28” and 75° 33’ 30” of longitude west 
from Greenwich. Within this area are contained the most varied and 
diverse conditions of plant growth. In the northern and north- 
middle counties are many elevated and rocky districts, these counties 
being crossed from northeast to southwest by the Kittatinny or Sha- 
wangunk Mountain, the group of ridges collectively called the High- 
lands, and the minor ranges of the Newark and Orange Mountains 
and the Palisades of the Hudson. In these several mountain systems 
nearly all kinds of rocks are represented, and the ridges are inter- 
spersed with and separated by valleys underlain by limestone, slate, 
sandstone and other rocks, the depressions containing many large 
tracts of swampy land with numerous and extensive ponds and lakes. 
The river systems are numerous and very perfect in their drainage, 
those of the Raritan, the Passaic and the Hackensack lying almost 
wholly within the northern half of the State, the Delaware bounding 
the western counties from Port Jervis to the Delaware Bay. 
The soils of the northern and north-middle counties are conse- 
quently of exceedingly varied character, and are further complicated 
by the glacial drift—the boulders, gravel, sand, loam and clay brought 
from the north by the great sheets of ice which overspread the entire 
northern third of the State at a comparatively recent geological epoch. 
The area covered wholly or in part by this material is shown on the 
accompanying map, and it has had a most important effect in mould- 
ing the character of the flora of the regions where it is found. The 
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