VEGETABLE GARDENING 49 
arsenate, mixed with a little slaked lime, are the in- 
secticides to use for this pest. 
(e) Flea beetles often cause serious damage to to- 
‘matoes, eggplants and potatoes. This is a small black 
beetle which jumps from plant to.plant when dis- 
turbed. They may be effectively controlled by keep- 
ing the plants covered with Bordeaux mixture and 
arsenate of lead. 
(f) Cutworms. These often are of serious damage in 
the spring of the year while the ground is still cold; 
therefore it is always well to avoid planting vegetables 
on sod ground if possible. Sometimes manure which 
has laid on a pile during the previous summer provides 
an ideal place for the cutworm moths to lay their eggs, 
and such manure often adds multitudes of cutworm 
eggs to the soil. If the number of plants is not too 
great, the cutworms can be best controlled by uncover- 
ing the earth about the plants which have been at- 
tacked and hunting out the cutworms. Bran mixed 
with molasses and a small amount of Paris green 
placed in small pits on the higher spots of the land 
will often be effective. . 
Diseases. The leaf spots and fruit rots so common 
to vegetables are caused by fungus and bacterial dis- 
eases. Some of these cannot be controlled, but most 
of them yield readily to ae applications of 
Bordeaux mixture. 
* * * 
Small fruits should be included in the garden: straw- 
berries, blackberries, red and black raspberries, goose- 
berries, currants, grapes, etc., but in a course of study 
including so many phases of agriculture, these topics 
cannot be taken up. , 
Facts for this chapter were given by Professor C. 8. Durst of 
University of Illinois. 
