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dark mycelium are clustering just below the epidermis and also the 

 occasional presence of white mycelium and hyphae which will form into 

 fruit bodies in later days. Also, in the rootlets of the pine stretching on 

 the uppersoil grey mycelium are always found. The mycelium of fresh roots 

 are always white, viz. at the end of November; they will, however, turn 

 dark early next spring. 



3. When a soil, poor in raw humus in which mushroom made 

 their appearance, is carefully studied, somewhat large pine-roots are 

 found therein, well provided with clustered coral rhizomes and rootlets 

 just where the same are in contact with raw humus ; and further research 

 will show that the epidermis is covered with dark greyish mycelium with 

 white ones well distributed in the soil as well, so that it gives an 

 appearance of " Shiro " (white mycelium) . 



4. In over-matured pine forests where the mushrooms gradually 

 fail to grow, one notes that under a heavy layer of humus the soil 

 apparently seefns to be full of white mycelium. Under the microscope, 

 he sees, however, that what appears to be " Shiro " is no other than the 

 cell-walls of decayed rootlets and that the layer above it consists of humus 

 poor in rootles. The so-called " Shiro " of the mushroom is nothing else 

 than this white fibrous sub-soil just below the ordinary soil from which 

 the mushroom make their appearance in great abundance. 



Both Agaricus melius Vahl after Hartig and Agaricus campestris L. 

 after Sachs are distinctly composed of rhizome-strands and fruit bodies; 

 this, however, is not so in the case of the Matsudake where no full 

 distinct line can be drawn between the nutritive mycelium and the 

 reproductive ones or fruit bodies. In other words, although one can easily 

 establish the relation between the mycelium found in the soil and the 

 mushroom itself, but he will be difficult to know the direct relation 

 existing between regular mycelium of the mushroom and the one found 

 in the pine root. 



From these facts, if. Matsudake will be taken to have grown 

 of mycelium found in the soil or humus it must logically be classified as a 

 saprophyte. We know, however, well as stated above that the removal of 

 the host tree, or the death of the latter, immediately results in the disap- 

 pearance of the parasite Matsudake even though the surroundings remain 



