The laterals are lateral growths from tlu- main arms, sub-arms, aad leaders. 



Lateral spurs are spurs developed on the lateral growth. 



Spurs are short growths from the arms, leaders, or laterals, containing 

 fruit buds. 



Ramified spurs. — A fr\iit spur which lias increased and multiplied as the 

 tree aged. 



Terminals refer to the extremities of the leaders or laterals. 



Terminal hud. — Tlie bud at the extremity of a leader or lateral. 



Terminal shoot. — The shoot at the extremity of a leader or lateral. 



Buds. — The dormant flower, leaf or wood bud usually found at regular 

 intervals along the wood growtli and at the extremities. These are found at the 

 base of the leaf. Tlie buds are classed as: — wood-buds, those which will throw a 

 shoot in the Spring ; a leaf hud, one which only ]iroduces leaves : and a flower hud 

 one whicli produces a flower or fruit. 



Node. — The node is a slight swelling wliere a leaf is produced during the 

 growth of the shoot ; at each leaf a bud is produced, and in some plants, such as a 

 vine, a division occurs in the gi'owth. 



Inter7iode is the space between two buds. 



The leaf forms the foliage of the plant or tree. 



Outer hark is tlie outer covering of the tree which has beeri hardened by the 

 exuding of calciimi salts. This hard co\"ering forms the protection to the tree. 



New hark is the ring of ne«- Ijark found just under the outer bark through which 

 the downward flow of sap mostly takes place. 



Cambium layer is tlie inner covering next to the sapwood. 



Sapwood. is the younger « ood co\-ered by the cambium layer through which the 

 up\vard flow of sap cliiefl_\' travels. 



Woody fihre is the old woody formation of the tree. 



Pith, is the soft material usually found in a tube in the centre of the heartwood. 



Time for Pruning, 



The winter pruning should be done dui'ing .June, July, and August, and the 

 early part of September, and should finish before the buds Vjurst — .Julj- and August 

 being the best months for this work. 



The early varieties of peaches, and those varieties which shed their buds, 

 and also those apricots which show the same fault, should not Vje winter-pruned 

 until the pink of the flower-bud shows, otherwise all the fruit may be cut off. 



No hard-and-fast rule can be laid down, for each variety acts differently, 

 according to the season. For instance, even the Goldmine Nectarine this season 

 (1912) in some districts threw its buds, and yet this variety as a rule is a sure 

 cropper. 



I would advise not pruning peaches until late in the season — about the end 

 of August. The pruner. by giving the tree or the limb a vigorous shake, will 

 then be able to tell whether the buds are sound : if faulty, they will fall in a shower. 



