60 



thereupon bringing tlieni .,.».ck again, as illustrated for apples. LTnder this system 

 they spur readily. Figure Co shows a WiUiams grown in the manner described 

 above. All the growth has gone to the centre of the tree, wliich is so crowded 

 up that the fruiting- wood has not developed ; what there is, is weak, and the 

 lateral growth also is weak and poor. The only way to treat this specimen is to 

 remove the centre altogether, thin out the tree right through, and let light and 

 air well into and rovnicl and about the leaders, to develop fruiting spurs and ripen 

 lateral growth, as illustrated in Figure 66, showing the same tree pruned. This 

 tree, bj- reaso7i of the i-emo\'al of so much timber, will make verj' strong growth 



Pig. (U. 

 Badly trained Pear. 



on the weaker leaders left , and this is what is required ; the more growth the better 

 for the future of the tree. Next winter this tree should be pruned in the ordinary 

 way, thinning out the top so as only to retain the permanent leaders required. 

 These permanent leaders are then allowed to go unpruned for a season, and brought 

 back again the following winter. The lateral growth will also be heavy, and this 

 must be both winter and summer-pruned. 



Some varieties of pears have a rank, spreading habit of growth, and if they 

 are not treated with great care and attention dm'ing the first few years a very 

 unsightly and unsatisfactory tree results. Wind knocks the tree about, limbs 



Wind knocks the tree about, limbs 



