FORESTRY IN FRANCE 3 1 



sumption. 2. The foreign countries, Sweden, Norway and Russia for pines, 

 Austria for oaks, America, and chiefly Canada, for all kinds of wood. 



All that timber comes by sea, and via Bordeaux. 



We have no precise information as to timber in the XXIVth commission, 

 nor as to remittances for importation and custom duty. 



In the XXIVth commission we have no seedsmen or dealers in plants. The 

 administration provides for its nursery grounds and in other commissions. 



WM. COATES, 



Vice- Consul. 



United States Consulate, 



Cognac, February, 1887. 



PREPARED BY CONSUL DUFAIS. 



The area of forests on January i, 1876, was — 



State property 967,118 hectares or 10.70 per cent. 



Private property 6,127,398 hectares or 66.55 per cent. 



Departmental and communal 2,058,729 hectares or 22.40 per cent. 



Public institutions 32,059 hectares or .35 per cent. 



Total number of hectares 9,185,304 — 



spread over 35,989 communes. 



These forests are classed according to situation as follows : 



PRINCIPAL TREES. 



First size. — Beeches, chestnut, peduncular and English oak, fir, pitchpine, 

 larch, forest pine, laricio pine, maritime pine, cembro pine. 



Second size. — Tansin oak, cork oak, western oak, white elm, mountain 

 pine, aleppo pine. 



Third size. — The evergreen oak is the principal one. 



Minor species are more numerous, such as small leafed and large leafed 

 limes, sycamore, maple, ash, meadow and mountain elrn, hairy oak, white 

 willow, white, gray, and black poplar, field maple, wild cherry, domestic 

 lorbtree, oxyphelleous ash, birch tree (2 kinds), alder tree (2 kinds), 

 aspen, etc. 



Every soil, be it siliceous, argillaceous, or calcareous, from the most 

 barren to the most marshy, from the level plains of the dunes and the sand 

 of the coast to a height of 2,400 meters in the Alps or Pyrenees, where forest 



