72 FORESTRY IN GERMAN-Y. 



study of these respective conditions is necessary in order to determine which 

 is the most suitable method. 



BOUNTIES. 



The state grants bounties to those communes which undertake to culti- 

 vate at their own expense waste mountains within their district. 



The maximum amount allowed is 36 marks (|8.6o), for each hectare suc- 

 cessfully cultivated. 



FOREST SCHOOLS. 



In Prussia there exists three kinds of forest schools : 



a. Two preparatory forest schools for forster and forstschutzbeamte. 

 The pupils, from 12 to 17 years of age, receive at these schools an elemen- 

 tary education and practical instruction in forestry under the direction of a 

 forster. These schools are intended to take the place of the apprenticeship 

 of two to three years which the student, on the completion of his elementary 

 education elsewhere, would otherwise be obliged to serve at an oberforstereivifi- 

 der the direction of the oberforster. The advantage of the former is that it 

 combines the elementary education with practical forest instruction. 



b. Two forest academies, one at Eberswalde and the other at Mind^n, 

 under the department of the Minister for Agriculture, Domain and Forest, 

 and the immediate supervision of the oberlandforstmeister, one of the chief 

 state forest officials in the Forest Department of the Ministry. These acade- 

 mies are intended to give a scientific education and to fit students for the 

 forest administration service, that is to say, for the higher forest career, from 

 oberforster upward. 



The term of study is two years and embraces the following branches : 



A. Fundamental Science. 



1 . Physics, including meteorology and mechanics. 



2. Chemistry, organic and inorganic. 



3. Mineralogy. 



4. Geognosy and geology. 



5. Botany. 



a. General botany. 



b. Anatomy, physiology and pathology of plants. 



c. Special forest botany. 



d. Anatomical and microscopical demonstration, 



6. Zoology. 



a. General zoology. 



b. Special zoology, particularly with respect to the different kinds of forest animals 



and birds. 



7. Mathematics. 



a. Repertory and practice in arithmetic, planimetry, trigonometry and stereometry. 

 h. Principles of analytical geometry. 

 ( . Principles of higher analyses. 



8. General political economy, particularly with respect to forest affairs. 



