FORESTRY IN ITALY. I7I 



Art. 16. It shall be lawful to decorticate the entire cork-tree, to remove its inner bark 

 and the fine skin that adheres to the heart of the tree, when the tree is to be felled during 

 the following cutting season, in which case cork-trees shall be put on the same footing as all 

 other varieties of trees. 



Art. 17. Resinous trees which shall have been decorticated and felled during the ensuing 

 year shall be removed from the forest as soon as they are cut, in order to prevent insects, 

 especially those of the " coleoptera " class from attacking the trees which remain in the forest. 



Art. 18. It shall be lawful to extract resin from trees that have passed their first stages of 

 growth and acquired a good size. 



The extraction shall take place between April and the end of August, and in accordance 

 with the French system, known as " Gemmage 4 vie," or other similar systems. 



[N. B. — The French system, known as " Gemmage k vie," consists in remowing, between 

 April to May, and even as late as September, a rectangular block of bark (chip) 12 to 16 cen- 

 timeters in width by from 35 to 50 in height, beginning at the base»of the tree, having care to 

 cut deeply into the sap-wood. The sap flows into a hole prepared in the ground at the foot 

 of the tree, or into a hole hollowed out in a root of the tree.] 



Art. 19. The extraction of resin shall be subjected to no restrictions when the trees are to 



be felled. 



TITLE VIII. 



gathering of leaves, grass, and seed. 



Art. 20. In forests dying out or thinly provided with underwood, the gathering of leaves 



and seed shall take place at intervals of three years. In new groves, and in old groves with a 



good stand of young trees, the grass shall not be cut until the young trees shall be four years 



old; a hand-sickle shall be used until the trees are well grown, as they might be injured by a 



scythe. 



TITLE IX. 



AREAS FOR COAL KILNS AND FOR THE PREPARATION OF POTASH. 



Art 21. Coal kilns shall be built on the old sites; when it becomes necessary to build new 

 ones, they shall be made in open places where there is no danger of damaging the surround- 

 ing trees. 



In default of vacant spaces, kilns shall be made in the least thickly wooded localities, the 

 proprietor being obliged to set out new trees just as soon as the coal shall have been burnt, 

 unless he shall wish to keep these sites for permanent kilns. 



The same rules shall be observed with regard to areas required for the preparation of potash. 



TITLE X. 

 ROADS FOR REMOVING ROUGH AND WORKED TIMBER AND CHARCOAL, 



Art. 22. Timber (in the rough, sawed, or hewn) and charcoal shall be hauled from the 

 forests over the roads and paths, and not through the young trees or over newly cleared ground. 



Whenever it shall become necessary to open new-roads, they shall be laid out so as to cause 



the least possible damage, and it shall be incumbent on the proprietor to replant the ground so 



utilized as soon as the timber shall have been removed, unless it shall have been decided lo 



retain these roads permanently. 



TITLE Jfl. 



FOREST PASTURAGE. 



Art. 23. Goats shall not be allowed in forests held in servitude; goats shall be allowed 

 only on rocky, uncultivated ground, except when from the scarcity of pasturage, the condition 

 of the forests, and the imperative -demands of the neighborhood it shall become necessary to 

 extend the above limitation. 



The forestry official of the district, in connection with the local mayors, shall make out and 

 establish annually a list of the localities in which goats shall be permitted to run, which list, 

 having first received the approbation of the commission shall be published in each and every 

 commune (district). 



