1 86 FORESTRY IN ITALY. 



Art. 38. Where the forest acts as a protection to the inhabitants of the lands beneath and 

 to public highways, the cutting of the brushwood shall be done in alternating transverse belts, 

 and further, only weakly and defective trees are to be included and the aim shall always 

 be to convert the wood gradually into a highwood forest instead of keeping it as a mixed 



forest. 



Art. 39. A certain number of young trees will be left standing at each cutting to take the 

 place of the " parent trees" which, having reached their maturity, are to be felled. In any 

 case, the number will not be less than twenty to the hectare and will be twice that in forests 

 serving as a protection. 



Art. 40. In reference to the time of cutting, reafforestation, pasture, charcoal kilns, trans- 

 port of materials, and all other operations, tiae regulations made in reference to highwood and 

 brushwood forests will also apply to mixed forests. 



TITLE XVI. 

 PENALTIES. 



Art. 41. The above regulations apply to all the forests subject to the provisions of the 

 law, according to their several classes. The non-observance of the same will be punished in 

 conformity with the penal depositions of title third of the forest laws of June 20, 1877, No. 

 3917, and the provisions of the additional regulations of February 10, 1878, and in cases of 

 reafforestation and of improvement of already existing forests, the proprietor who fails to attend 

 to the sowing and planting within the time fixed, according to article 4, will be held guilty of 

 violation of the laws and will be proceeded against as if he had arbitrarily cut down and 

 cleared off already existing forests. 



Art. 42. In accordance with article 44, of the regulations of February 10, 1878, for the 

 application of the forest law, the rate of interest to be employed in calculating the damages 

 for violations of the law is estabhshed at ;£'loo for every 4 lire of income. 



NAPLES. 



REPORT OF CONSUL CAMFHAUSEN. 

 FOREST REGULATIONS. 



The management of the forests in Italy is governed by the general pro- 

 visions of the forest law of June 30, 1877, supplemented, however, by special 

 regulations for each particular province, which now form an integral part of 

 the law itself. 



The fundamental principle of the present forest laws in Italy is directed to 

 the preservation and care of those woods which by their nature, situation 

 and importance, have a direct beneficial influence on the consistency and 

 solidity of the territory, on the disposition of the water supply and on public 

 health. It leaves, therefore, for free cultivation (that is unembarrassed by 

 any trammels of forest regulations) those woods whose deforestation or 

 ploughing up could do no public injury by altering the normal conditions of 

 the regions in the three respects above mentioned. From such fundamental 

 principles it follows that the woods are classed in two categories and pub- 

 lished for the purpose of carrying into effect the law in the various communes 

 where the said woods are situated. Wherefore those important woods and 



