FORESTRY IN AUSTRIA-HUNGARY. 259 



This result is obtained chiefly from the clearing of from forty-nine to fifty- 

 two hectares of forest per year. It shows the clear average profit from one 

 hectare of forest land to be a trifle over 10 florins, which agrees well with the 

 above estimate of average profit for the whole country. 



As for the government forests in Bojiemia the annual average for a period 

 of five years is the following : 



Gross receipts 91,579.89;^ * 15.50 



Expense of management 54,730.00 or 9.25 



Clear profit..... 36,849.89>^ or 6.25 



There are three domains held in trust and managed by the government for 

 different funds, namely: 



Hectares. 



Ronov, scholarship fund 2,181 



Gradlitz-Kutus, hospital fund 048 



Tuchomeric, university fund 450 



Total 3,588 



Each of these domains has its own forest bureau, independent in matters 

 of forestry and under direct government control in matters of administration. 

 The forests are subdivided into seven districts (reviere), each managed by a 

 forester or ranger, and, further, into seventeen protection precincts or wards, 

 with as many forest-guards. 



The financial result of the management of these forests, taking the annual 

 average of ten years, is shown by the subjoined table, furnished by the gov- 

 ernment authorities at my request: 



Gross proceeds 63,998 or 17.83 



Cost of management '. 30,498 or 8.50 



Net profits of the forest 33,5oo or 9.33 



The expense of forest culture proper is, on the average, .25 florins per hec- 

 tare of cultivated forest, or 0.45 florins per hectare of the whole area under 

 forest, per annum. The-prevailing method of cultivation is by planting. 



In the different sections of Bohemia the expense of forest planting ranges 

 from 20 to 40 florins per hectare; but the cost stated in reference to govern- 

 ment forests, namely, 25 florins per hectare, may be considered a fair average. 

 It is equal to about 10 florins, or $^.&q per acre. Both men and women are 

 usually employed at this labor at very low wages ; that is, 30 to 75 kreutzers 

 for men and 30 to 50 kreutzers for women, 2^ kreutzers being about equal to 

 I cent. The wages of wood-cutters are equally low, namely, 30 to 60 kreutzers 

 for a cubic meter of wood or a solid meter of lumber, according to agreement, 

 a cubic meter being equal to 1.3 cubic yards. 



There is, on an average, for 2,000 hectares of forest i hectare of nursery, 

 and the yearly cost of its maintenance ranges from 150 to 300 florins. 



