596 CLXxii. CYPEEACEiB. (C. B. Clarke.) [Juneellus. 



Cyperus exaltatus, Ketz ; but separated by the very crowded spike8 and 2-fid 

 style. 



** Stem with one head of spihelets. 



5. J. pyg'maeus; G. B. Clarke ; annual, leaves and bracts long ^reen 

 flaccid, spikelets innumerable in a compound head linear often curved or 

 twisted, nut plano-convex \-^ length of glume. Cyperus pygmseus, JRottb. 

 Bescr. et Ic. 20, t. 14, figs. 4, 5 ; Nees in Wight Contrih. 72 ; Kiinth Enum. 

 ii. 18 ; Miq. Fl. Ind. Bat. iii 261 ; Boiss. Fl. Orient, v. 368 (excl. syn. Boxl.) ; 

 Boeci. in Linnaa, xxxv. 493 (excl. var. /3) ; C. B. Clarke in Journ. lAnn. 

 8oc. XX. 282 and xxi. 28-30, 81, t. 2, figs. 10, 10a; King in E. T. Atkinson 

 Gaz. X. (1876), 320. 0. squarrosus, Soxb. PL Ind. i. 190. C. monocephalus, 

 Boxb. mss. {not Fl. Ind.). Dichostylis pygmsea, Nees in LintuBa, ix. 289. 

 Pycreus diffusus and pygmaens, Nees in Linncea, ix. 283. — Isolepis? 

 Wall. Caif. 3495. 



Prom Kashmir to Bubma and Ceylon. All warm regions (emcl. Europe). 



Glabrous. Stems coespitose (often very many), 1-10 in. Sracts 3-6 in., spread- 

 ing. Head, a-J in. in diam. Spihelets often 100,;^ in., 8-24-fld., greenish-white, 

 finally pale brown. Glumes close- packed, boat-shaped. Stamens 2-1; anthers small, 

 linear-oblong, muticous. Nut ellipsoid, brown, top pyramidal ; style shorter than 

 nnt ; branches shortly exsert. — Much confused (by Boeckeler finally united) with 

 Scirpus Michetianus, Linn.; so that the synonymy cannot be completely ex- 

 tricated. In the young state it is diflScult to distinguish the two apart ; but when 

 the spikelets of J. ■pygmtsus are ripe, and the glumes (except a few of the top in- 

 fertile) have fallen away, the scars ou the rhacheola (and therefore the glumes and 

 nuts) are seen to be exactly distichous ; whilst the rhacheola of ripe S. Michelianus, 

 shows the scars arranged spirally from the base of the spikelet. Eheede's Hort. 

 Mai. xii. t. 54, on which alone several specific names are grounded, is usually referred 

 here, but it is as likely to be Fimbristt/Us argentea, Vahl. 



6. J. laevigatus, C. B. Clarke; rhizome creeping, leaves short or 

 1 o?,'t ^''nS''*''^ ^^ though continuing stem, head lateral, spikelets 

 1-30 Imear 16-40-fld. somewhat turgid, glumes close-packed obtuse, nut 

 ^"^r ^^?v °l glume. Cyperus laevigatus, Linn. Mant. 179 ; Bottb. Bescr 

 foi^-J^-' *• l^,' ^^-.^ ' -^'?- -^'- ^'"^- ^''*- "i- 260; Boeck. in Idnnsea, xxxv. 

 486 iBoiss Fl. Orient, v. 366 ; C. B. Clarke in Journ. Linn. Soc. xx. 282 and 

 ^^1- ^7.'. \ ^' fig^ 20, 21 and t. 4, fig. 33 ; Aitch. in Trans. Linn. Soc. ser. 2 • 

 Bot. 111. 121. C. mucronatus Bottb. I. c. 19, t. 8, fig. 4; Boxb. Fl. Ind. i. 

 185 ; JVee* tn Wight Contnb. 72 ; Xunth Enum. ii. 17 ; Reichb. Ic Fl Germ 



n&; Nees in Wight Contrih. 73 (not Linn.f.). 0. Eoxburghianus, Presl. 

 %n Oken Isis, xxi. 271. 0. pleuranthus, Nees I. c. 73. 0. acuminatus, Boxb. 

 ms. 0. mucronatus and C. niveus, Serb. Seyne; Wall. Cat 3311 

 Pycreus te'ngatus, Nees m Unnsea, x. 130. P. mucronatus and lateralis.' 

 Jyees I. c. x. ioo. ' 



Throughout WESTEEif ImiA from the Punjab, MtehUon, and Bundelkund, 

 Huthze, to South Madeas, Wight.— Distsis. most warm climates 



Glabrous Rhizome usually woody, i in. in diam. internodes very short denselv 

 covered by chestnut or red scales, when floating sometimes 3-6 ft. with lone inter- 

 nodes. Stems 4-24 m. Leaves sometimes as long as stem, i in. broad usually 

 short oc^sionally obsolete (i e. sheaths terminated by a lanceolate process not 

 green). Spihelets closely clustered i-J in., rigid, often curved, straw-colrd. or 

 tinged with chestnut or chestnut-red; rhacheola stout, tetragonous, hardly wineed 

 mumes concave, ovate, 7-U.nerved. Stamens 3; anthers yellow with a small 



