73 li CLXxn. OTPEEACEiE. (C.B.Clarke.) [Carex.' 



slender male, 2-3 snbglobose female 4-10-frnited, style 3-fid, ntricles rather 

 large trigono-globose nerveless glabrous not inflated, beak mimite linear. 

 Kunfk EnwM. ii. 444 ; Beichh. Ic. Fl. Oerm. viii. 25, t. 259 ; Strouihey Gat. 

 PL Kumaon, 73 ; Duthie in E. T. Atkinson Oaz. x. 618. 0. glomerata, 

 Schkuhr Biedgr. i. 79, t. fig. 41. 0. Scbkuhrii, Willd. Sp. PI. iv. 264; 

 Schhuhr I. c. ii. 51, t. Qqq, fig. 158. C. obesa, var. y supina, Boott Carex, 

 iv. 161, t. 535 ; Boeck. in lAnnsea, xli. 184. 



Ktjmaon, alt. 14-15,000 ft. ; Bagdwar, Strachey ^ Winterhottom (n. 17) j Kutti 

 Tangfti Valley, Duthie (n. 6098). — Distkib. Central Asia, Alpine Europe. 



Glabrous. Stems 3-6 in. Leaves 3-6 by ^ in. Terminal spike \ in., very 

 slender ; fern, spikes ^ in. in diam. Fern, glumes ovate, triangular-tipped, chestnut- 

 colrd. Utricle obscurely irregularly nerved at base, suddenly contracted, scarcely 

 scabrous at top, nearly filled by nut, green -yellow to pale-brown ; beak slightly 

 2-fld.— 0. obesa ^IKont {Fl. Pedemont. ii. 270) differs by its larger size, lowest spike 

 cylindric peduncle, utricle distinctly nerved on their posticous face, more acuminated 

 into a more definite beak. 



102. C. ustulata, Wahl. in Handl. Acad. Stockh. 156 ; middle-sized 

 or small, spikes 2-5 approximate, terminal male or variously bisexual, 

 lowest nodding on slender peduncle, fern, glumes elliptic-oblong black- 

 red, style 3-fid, utricle ellipsoid nerveless glabrous acuminated into a 

 very short scabrous beak inflated much larger than nut. Kunth Enum. ii. 

 462; Reichb. Ic. Fl. Germ. viii. 22, t. 250, fig. 615 ; BooU Carex, i. 70, 71, 

 t. 193, figs. 1, 2, and t. 194, fig. 1 ; BoecJci in Linntea, xli. 260. 0. atro- 

 fnsoa, Schk. Biedgr. i. (1801), 106, t. T fig. 82. C. coriophora, Fischer 

 ms. ex Kunth I. o. 463 ; Strachey Gat. PL Kumaon, 73. 0. frigida, Wall. 

 «»«.— Carex, Wall. Cat. 3389, A. 



HiMAiATA and Tibet, alt. 12-17,000 ft. ; from the Karakorum, Thomson, to 

 SlKKlM, J. D. H. — DiSTRiB. Cold N. Hemisphere. 



Glabrous. J?Ai«ome creeping; scales pale, fi'iems 4-16 in. (taller are called 0. 

 coriophora, Piseh.). Leaves usually f-i length of stem ; a node, with a leaf 1-3 in., 

 often occurs ^4 in. below the infl. Infl. 1-4 in. ; lowest spike sometimes 1-2 in. 

 distant on peduncle 1-li in. ; lowest bract much shorter than infl., and when distant 

 usually sheathing. Spikes i-f by ^—3 in., short-cylindric or ovoid, dense ; terminal 

 spike in the Europ. and sometimes in the Himal. plants male at base fem. at top, or 

 (not rarely) wholly fem., or frequently fem . with a few males at top, or male at 

 both ends fem. in the middle, or fem. at both ends male in the middle. Utricle 

 about as long as glnme, more or less biack-red, compressed, quite flat when the nut 

 does not ripen, otherwise trigonous with two marginal wings j beak very short, 2 .fid 

 or distinctly emarginate. Nut stalked, small; style-branches shortly exsert from 

 utricle. 



103. C. cruenta, Nees in Wight Gontrib. 128; closely allied to G. 

 ustulata but larger in all its parts, spikes 5-12 remote, peduncle of lowest 

 usually 8-6 in. Kunth Fnum. ii. 463 ; Strachey Gat. PL Kumaon, 73 ; 

 Boott Carex, ii. 75, tt. 201, 202, 203 ; Boee/c. in Linncea, xM. 261.— Carex, 

 WaU. Cat. 3389, B. 



Himalaya, alt. 8-15,000 ft., common; from Gilgit, Biles, to Sikkim, J. D. B. 

 — DisTRlB. Central Asia ? 



Stems often 2 ft. and more ; infl. nearly a foot. Fem. spikes often 1 in. ; lowest 

 peduncle not rarely divided, i.e. with 1-3 spikes; terminal spike (sometimes 2) 

 wholly male in the copious material, except a quantity collected by Levinge at Sona- 

 niurg (large typical cruenta) where the terminal spikes are all male at base fem. at 

 top. Fem. glumes often mncronate. Utricle longer narrower than those of 0. ustu- 

 lata, less inflated, more or less red-black. — Generally easily recognized, but many 



