THE WATER SYSTEMS, 4d 
curve from the north-east to the north-west, and rent by 
several waterfalls, it falls into the sea some 30 versts, or 
20 miles below the town of Bjornborg. 
‘IV. The water-system of Middle Finland, or the Tawast- 
land water-system, collects itselfin the great Lake Paijine,” 
180 versts, or 120 miles long, and at the place of greatest 
expansion, 25 versts, or 17 miles broad, at a height of 253 
feet above the sea. This lake receives its principal afflu- 
.ents from the north out of that portion of Tawastland 
which belongs to Wasa’ Lin, where its most northern 
springs have their sources in the heights facing the boun- 
dary of Uleaborg Lin, in lat. 63° 30’, and from a number 
of pretty large lakes sending these waters to the south. 
Amongst others, Kolimajirwi, 30 versts or 20 miles long ; 
Keitele, from 60 to 80 versts, or 40 to 50 miles in length, 
which receives from the west the waters of Lake Kiwijirwi, 
50 versts, or 33 miles long. These, strengthened by many 
side-lakes and affluents, while still within the boundaries 
of the Lins of Wasa, rush in a southerly direction by 
the Hapawesi into the Paijiine, which, having received 
also the waters of the Puulawesi and several other lakes 
from the north-east, and the Wesijirwi from the south, 
pours itself through the Kalkis Strom into the Lake 
Routsalain, out of which flows the lyrango Strom, which 
falls into the Konnewesi. Finally, out of this lake the 
Kymmene, which draws off the whole body of waters, 
takes its flow, and flowing in an easterly direction, it 
traverses several other lakes, and receiving several impor- 
tant affluents from the north on the boundary between 
the Lans of Nyland and of Wyborg, it turns towards the 
south, and tumbling over several waterfalls on its way, 
amongst which may be named that of Hogfors, it takes its 
course towards the Gulf of Finland, into which it falls by 
five mouths between Lovisa and Frederickschamm. 
‘ V. The water-system of East Finland, or that of Savolar- 
Karelia, takes its rise also in the Maanselka, where it 
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