MODERN FOREST ECONOMY. 115 
was called in to give professional advice. He, after 
making a tour of the forest districts, submitted a plan for 
the management of the forests. This is the principal 
basis of the existing forest economy of Finland ; and some 
of its details were adopted in the organisation carried out 
for the subsequent administration and management of 
forests by the Government. Under date of 7th May 1859 
there was issued at Helsingfors, in the name of the 
Emperor, a Government notice relative to the organisation 
of the forest establishment for the conservation, protection, 
and management of the Crown forests; and on the 13th 
of the same month there were issued Instructions for the 
practical management of these. 
These two documents were afterwards issued from the 
printing office of the Imperial Synod at Helsingfors in 
1860, in the form of a pamphlet, bearing the title Naediga 
Statganden Augdende Warden och foerwaltningen af Kronoskog- 
aune t Finland ; and in an appendix are given several forms 
to be followed in keeping and rendering the accounts of 
operations and of proceeds. 
In accordance with the policy of the Government to 
maintain an absolute form of self-government in common 
affairs, with absolute autocratic government in national 
matters, great power of self-government in what related to 
local interests was assigned to Finland; and in accordance 
with the provisions for Home Rule, the Legislative Assem- 
blies of the Grand Duchy entered at once on the discharge 
of the duties assigned to them. In 1863 and 1864 atten- 
tion was given to the state of the forests, and the way 
in which they were being managed. On the Ist of 
August 1863 there was instituted a special organisation 
for the conservation, management, and exploitation of the 
Crown forests, which had previously and till that time 
been under the control of the Surveyors’ officers; on 
the 27th July 1865 was issued the Commission previously 
spoken of, given to three Commissioners named, to enquire 
into the state and condition, the extent and the capabili- 
ties of the forests in the Grand Duchy, the management of 
