FORESTS AND FOREST TREES. 177 
there were exhibited eight transverse sections of trunks of 
the Pinus silvestris, which I have tabulated thus :— 
Ageoft | Height. | ,. 
Place of Growth. Latitude. ‘Tree, Saale pee 
Years. Feet. - pene 
Evois, - - - - - 61° 15’ 216 87 21 
Orihvesi, - - - 61° 40’ 200 87 19-2 
Ruovesi, - - : 62° 305 92 21°7 
Kemi, - - : : 66° 15’ 365 79 202 
Tornea, - - - 66° 40’ 176 40 15 
Ravaniemi, - 66° 47’ 198 72 13 
Do, - - 66° 49' 337 91 19 
Muonioniska, : - 67° 68’ 365 61 20* 
Of the Pinus silvestris it is reported by Dr Blomqvist 
that it is not only the tree most extensively spread over 
Finland, but it is also the one most valuable in an econo- 
mical point of view. It constitutes the most important 
article of exportation, and is employed in the most varied 
applications—shipbuilding and house building, the fabri- 
cation of machines, and of utensils of every description. 
* In regard to these details, and others which will be given in regard to other kinds 
of trees, it may be mentioned that no attention was given to select trees of special size ; 
that the Finnish measurement employed is that of the foot of ten decimal inches, equal 
to 0°2969 metres ; that the transverse sections were made at heights ranging from three 
to five feet from the ground ; and that the diameter reported was measured while the 
tree was yet green, and no allowance was made for shrinking, which may have since 
occurred. At the same place, at the same time, there was exhibited a round table, 
formed of polished wood of the principal kinds of trees growing wild in Finland. In 
the centre was a transverse section of the Pinus silvestris, 216 years of age, men- 
tioned as having been supplied from Evois. An exterior band of blackwood was made 
of bog wood taken from ‘an oak trunk found in Lake Bjérnsjén, of which mention will 
afterwards be made, and in intermediate bands were arranged in succession polished 
specimens of wood yielded by the following kinds of indigenous trees :— 
1, Prunus padus L. 11, Salix caprea L. 
2 Betula alba L. 12. Pinus abies L. 
3. Pyrus malus L. 13. Pinus silvestris L. 
4. Acer Platanoides L. 14. Juniperus communis L. 
5. Pyrus communis L. 15. Larix sibirica Led. 
6. Betula alba L. 16, Quercus pedunculata Ehrh. 
7. Alnus incana Willd. 17. Ulmus montana L. 
8. Populus tremula L. 18. Fraxinus excelsior L, 
9. Aesculus hippocastanum L. 19. Sorbus aucuparia L. 
10. Betula alba L. 
