252 THE FOREST LANDS OF FINLAND, 
the line of descent of the Highland glen down which in 
pre-Adamic times poured the glacier which hollowed out 
the basin. The confining sides of a valley once formed 
would elongate the furrow or depression thus created in a 
direct rather than a cross direction. But alternate eleva- 
tions and depressions, and thus a succession of lakes in 
the thalweg of the glacier, may have been thus produced. 
The rasping of the ice, charged with fragments of stone, 
and gravel, and sand, would occasion striae and markings 
on the rocks, and by the direction of these may be traced 
the direction of the movement, while variations in the 
direction of these can be accounted for. 
The striae produced by glaciers are generally apparently 
parallel and straight. The normal erial currents, popu- 
larly known as the ‘trade winds,’ produced by well 
known causes, follow a curved direction, throwing off 
eddies both upward and horizontal. Similar currents and 
eddies have been observed in the ocean. Like eddies may 
be seen in the river, and even in the cup of tea, produced 
by upward currents from the dissolving sugar; and striae 
may be seen following a curve more or less expanding, and 
more or less contracting, which variation in their direction 
may have been similarly produced. 
Besides the lakes and successions of lakes with which 
we meet in Finland, there are such moraines as are men- 
tioned in my quotation from Dr Ignatius. 
One of the results of the flux of a glacier is the formation 
of a deposit of stones at the extreme edge of it; stones 
which have been borne along on its surface, or, it may be, 
in some cases a little way beneath this by the slow massive 
advance of the body of ice, on reaching the extremity of it 
where it is slowly melting away, though continuously 
replaced, like the lower fringe of the so-called ‘ Devil's 
Table-Cloth’ on Table Mountain, which has been spoken 
of, there drop and accumulate. We have had several 
elevated ranges of great magnitude characterised as such : 
the Salpausselké, and another further to the north. 
