THE BAY OF PUNDY. 25 



Campobello, and continues later about Point Le Preau and in Saint Andrew's Bay. These fisli are 

 taken to supply the frozen-herring and sardine trade, and to sell to the bank fishermen as bait. 



There are a few distinct grounds for hook and line fishing at tiie mouth of the Bay of Fundy, 

 located and characterized as follows : 



The Wolves Haddock Geounds.— Around the group of islands called the Wolves, which 

 lie off the southwest coast of lifew Brunswick, the bottom is composed of rocks and gravel for a 

 distance averaging about three quarters of a mile from the shore. This narrow strip is a favorite 

 haddock-ground, and is much resorted to by the small boat fishermen of the vicinity, and also by 

 others from Eastport and Lubec, Maine. 'The depths vary from eighteen to thirty-four fathoms, 

 and the bottom is somewhat broken "and irregular. 



Small haddock-grounds also exist close inshore to the westward of the northern end of Grand 

 Manan. The outer edge lies about half a mile off shore, the length of the ground being about two 

 miles and the depth of water from fifteen to forty fathoms. 



The Mttd is a broad area of muddy bottom, forming the channel to the eastward of Campo- 

 bello Island, beginning in the north to the westward of the Wolves and extending southward to 

 between West Quoddy Head and Grand Manan. The western edge of this ground lies about two 

 miles off Campobello, and its width averages about three and a half miles. The depths vary 

 from thirty-nine to sixty fathoms, the bottom consisting of soft mud. This is the best ground for 

 hake in this vicinity, and is resorted to by small vessels and open boats from Western New 

 Brunswick and Eastern Maine. ' , 



Pollock Geotjnds.^Two pollock grounds occur in this vicinity, both lying to the westward 

 of the northern part of Campobello Island. One lies just to the eastward of, and very near to, 

 Indian Island, and is formed of strong tidal eddies. Another lies at the mouth of the channel 

 between Campobello and Casco Bay Island, being close to the eastern shore of the latter island, 

 and likewise is an area of strong tidal eddies. Both of these grounds are of limited extent and 

 of less importance now than formerly, but they are still much resorted to by the small boats of 

 the vicinitj''. 



Temperatures in the Bat op Ftjndy. — The following observations, made during August, 

 1872, by the United States Fish Commission, will serve to indicate the summer temperatures of 

 the surface and bottom waters at the mouth of the Bay of Fundy. They are too few in number, 

 however, and extend over too short a period, to be of much value in making comparisons with the 

 temperatures of other regions which have been more fully worked up. 



The surface temperature to the east of Grand Manan, at distances varying from two and a 

 half to ten miles from the island, during August 23 and 24, 1872, ranged from 48° E. to 53° F. 



Within the same area the bottom temperatures, taken at the same time, were as follows : Two 

 miles from the island, depth twenty-nine fathoms, 44° F. ; two and one-half miles from the island, 

 depth twenty-eight to fifty-two fathoms, 39|o F. ■ eight to ten miles from the island, depth from 

 ninety to one hundred and five fathoms, 37^° p. to 38° F. 



To the westward of Grand Manan, at distances of three to six miles from land, the surface 

 temperatures on August 28j 1872, ranged from 47° F. to 48° F. The bottom temperatures of the 

 same area, at depths of forty to fifty-five fathoms, varied from 40° F. to 45° P. 



Just east of Campobello Island, on the fishing- ground called the " Mud," the surface 

 temperatures from August 2 to 16, 1872, varied from 48Jo F. to 57^° F. The bottom temperature 

 at twenty-five fathoms was 47° F. ; at sixty fathoms 43° F. ; at eighty fathoms 39f° F. 



lu Passamaquoddy Bay, between Deer Island and the coast of Maine, in depths of water 

 ranging from thirty to seventy fathoms, the surface temperature was 48° F,, and the bottom 

 temperatui'es from 45° F. to 46° F. 



