THE ALASKAN FISHING-GEOUNDS. 89 



anywhere else. He saw fifteen Indians fishing there, and between one hundred and one hundred 

 and fifty halibut of small size lying on the beach. The women were splitting them to dry. 



In this region of Southeastern Alaska are two salmon-canning establishments — one at Klawack, 

 and the other at Old Sitka or Turner's Point. In 1879 the Klawack cannery was said to have 

 employed one hundred and sixty Indians and twenty whites. Of the Indians, thirty were women, 

 five or six boys of eight to twelve years, and the rest men. In 1878 the wages for Indian men 

 ■were one dollar, and for woman fifty cents per day. In 1879 the men received one dollar and 

 twenty-five cents and the women seventy^five cents per day, although it is claimed there was no 

 need of increasing tlie pay. The wages of the white men ranged from -twenty dollai's to fifty 

 dollars per month. The season lasts about two months here. I suppose the capacity of the 

 cannery is about the same as of the Old Sitka one, but there are no returns to refer to. The Old 

 Sitka establishment is situated near the mouth of Sitka Eiver; it was not in operation in 1880, but 

 in 1879 it shipped seven thousand cases, of four dozen one-pound cans each, to the Cutting Packing- 

 Company of San Francisco. The boxes in which these cans are shipped are sent in shooks from 

 Portland. The cans are made on the spot in a separate building. The high price for tin and 

 solder was given as a reason for the inactivity of 1880. The salmon are seined by Indians, the 

 seines being purchased by them from the cannery owners. The processes employed at Klawack 

 and Turner's Point are essentially ttie same as in the Columbia Eiver canneries. The Old Sitka 

 establishment, either in 1878 or 1879, put up two hundred cases of halibut, each containing four 

 dozen one-pound cans. 



The eulachon, which we have from the Stickene Eiver, Wrangell, Sitka, and Chilkat Eiver, 

 is caught in the same way and used for the same purposes, as described by Mr. Swan in his paper, 

 in the Proceedings of the United States National Museum, vol. 3. The once famous Deep 

 Lake salmon fishery at the Eedoubt on Baranoff Island, which in 1868 secured two thousand 

 barrels, is now reaping the results of overfishing. A description of the fishery by Mr. Dall is 

 given in the Eeport of the Commissioner of Agriculture for 1870, page 385. 



This account may be closed with the following list of the principal food-fishes of Southeastern 

 Alaska : 



1. Pleuronectes stellatus. 18. Ophiodon elongatus. 



2. Lepidopsetta bilineata. 19. Anoplopoma fimbria. 



3. Limanda aspera. 20, Bathymaster signatus. 



4. Hippoglossoides elassodon. 21. Ammodytes personatus. 



5. Hippoglossus vulgaris. 22, " alascanus. 



6. Pollachius chalcogrammus. 23. Mallotus villosus. 



7. Gadus morrhua. 24. Hypomesus pretiosus. 



8. Microgadus proximus. 25. Thaleichthys pacificus. 



9. Hemilepidotus trachurus. 26. Salvelinus malma. 



10. Hemilepidotus Jordanii. 27, Salmo purpuratus. 



11. Sebastichthys maliger. 28. " Gairdnerii. 



12. " caurinus. 29. " irideus (probably). 



13. " ruber, 30. Oncorhynchus chouicha, 



14. " melanops. ("Black bass," 31. " keta, 



Sitka.) 32. " nerka. 



15. Hexagrammus asper. 33. " kisutch. 



16. " superciliosus, 34. " gorbuscha, 



17. " ■ decagrammus. 35. Clupea mirabilis. 



