330 BOTANY. 



showing the albumen surrounded by the double testa, all united at the 

 apex. Fig. 14. The removed integuments, the free portion of the outer coat 

 separated from the horny apex of the ovule and folded back. Fig. 15. Ver- 

 tical section of the albumen, sho vising its axial cavity and the partially de- 

 veloped embryo. Fig. 16. Embryo at a still earlier stage of growth. 



Var. PEDUNCULATA. (E. pedunculata, Eng. Bot. Simpson's Rep., ined.) 

 Fertile aments more or less pedunculated, the peduncles sometimes 6" long, 

 straight or geniculate, the lower pair of bracts usually somewhat distant from 

 the upper ones.— Nevada, (H. Engelmann.) Southern Utah, (Palmer.) 



CONIFERS. 



PiNUS MONOPHTLLA, Torr. DC. Prodr. 16. 2. 378. A low tree of 

 rather open rigid habit, the branches spreading or subdeflexed; bud-scales 

 broad-ovate, acute or obtuse, spreading or appressed, Hght-brown, persist- 

 ent, more obtuse and spreading on the barren shoots ; sheaths short, light- 

 brown, soon lacerate and revolute ; leaves solitary, terete, short, 1-2 J' long 

 and f" in diameter, rigid, straight or subcurved, mucronate and pungent, 

 smooth, glaucous, very rarely in pairs and semi-cylindric ; staminate aments 

 numerous in a short (2-I') spike, 2-3" long, oblong, obtuse, crests of the 

 anthers dilated, semi-orbicular, entire ; cones 2-2^' long, If broad, ovate, 

 sessile, the scales smooth and shining, obovate, cuneate, 1' long, 10-12" wide, 

 the apophysis pyramidal, 3-4-sided, recurved, with a truncate and depressed 

 summit ; nuts oblong, i' long and 3" in - thickness, somewhat angled, light- 

 colored, rather thin, wingless, the bracts small, becoming 2-3" long, thin and 

 free. — On the eastern slope of the Sierras and eastward, and reported from 

 the Cascade Mountains, Oregon. Frequent on many of the ranges of Nevada 

 from the Sierras to the East Humboldt Mountains, at 4,500-7,000 feet alti- 

 tude, growing 10-20° high, rarely 1° in diameter. For the 'first 2-3 years 

 from the seed, the leaves are very short and lance-linear, subflattened, 

 carinate and caniculate, sheathless. The allied P. edulis, Eng., which is 

 found from Colorado to New Mexico and Arizona, is said to grow 30-50° 

 high, the leaves in threes or in pairs, shorter, and the cones but half as large 

 as in P. monophylla. (1,109.) 



PiNus CONTORTA, Dougl. DC. Prodr. 16. 2. 381, in part. (P. Bolanderi, 

 Pari., DC, I. c, 379.) A low tree, 10-30° high ; bud-scales lanceolate, acute, 

 sublacerate ; sheaths short ; leaves in pairs, 1-2' long, numerous, rigid, erect- 



