478 BOTANY. 



10. E. CJ5SPIT0SUM, Nutt. Aoaulesoent, tlie leafless scapes 1-4' higli; involucres soUtary. See 



^^^ n E DouGLASii, Benth. 'Densely white-woolly, woody at base and depressed c^spitose with nu- 

 merous branches and rosulate leaves, the scapelike peduncle with a medial whorl of leaves and 1-3 

 ehracteate terminal involucres ; flowers 4" long, numerous, with hroad-ohovate lobes.-Washmgton ier- 



ritory, (Douglas.) . 



13 E. Kellogii, Gray. Froo. Amer. Acad. 8. 293. Broadly matted-cajspitose with filiform substo- 

 loniferous branches ; leaves rosulate, 3-4" long, silky-hoary ; scape 3' high, with a medial whorl of 3-4 

 leaves, and a solitary terminal involucre ; flowers fewer, yellow or iiinkish, glabrous externally, 2-3 long 

 on a slender stipelike base, lobes oval or obovate.— Eed Mountain, California, (Kellogg.) 



13. E. SPHiEEOOBPHALUM, Dougl. Caulcscent ; branches leafy, many-flowered, with short pedicels. 

 See page 299. 



* » Calyx glabrous externally, with a slender stipelike base, 

 (a.) "Wholly glabrous, excepting the villous base of the filaments. 



14. E. TOEKBYAUUM, Gray. Leaves mostly crowded on the caudex ; stems rather stout, a span or 

 more high, naked or with a single leaf in the middle, bearing a usually simple 3-4-rayed umbel subtended 

 by a whorl of smaller leaves ; flowers yellow, very numerous in the 7-8-cleft involucre, 4-4i" long, with 

 a short base, lobes spatulate-obovate.— Near Donuer Pass, California, (Torrey.) 



(J.) Woolly, tomentose or webby, or at length glabrate ; filaments villous at base ; involucre usually 

 deeply 5-9-cleft, with spreading or reflexed lobes and numerous middle-sized flowers. The first 

 species has the stems ascending, more or less leafy and branched ; in the rest the scapelike pedun- 

 cles rise from a prostrate or decumbent caudex, and are simple, leafless or with usually but a single 

 whorl of leaves, and bearing a simple or compound umbel, rarely reduced to a solitary involucre. 



15. E. POLYANTHUM, Benth. Leaves mostly vertioillate, ovate or oblong, acute, white-woolly ; pe- 

 duncles solitary or few and umbellate ; flowers yellow ; embryo straight.— California. 



16. E. COMPOSITUM, Dougl. Scape usually stout, li° high, naked, fistulous, with a compound many- 

 rayed umbel, involucrate with linear or lanceolate bracts ; involucre about 5-oleft ; flowers whitish ; 

 radical leaves oblong-ovate and cordate, densely tomentose beneath.— N. California to Washington 

 Territory. 



17. E. IIBKAOLEOIDBS, Nutt. More slender ; scape with a simple or compound umbel and usually a 

 medial whorl of leaves ; flowers yellowish, on a very slender stipe ; leaves spatulate-oblong or oblauceo- 

 late. See page 299. 



18. E. TJMBELLATUM, Torr. Scape 4-12' high, naked except the vertieiHate bracts ; umbel simple, 

 rarely subcompound, or sometimes reduced to 1-few capitate involucres ; leaves obovate-spatulate or 

 oval. See page 300. 



(c.) With the habit and inflorescence of the last species ; scapes very slender, 1-10' high, leafless, 

 bearing a simple small-bracted umbel ; central involucre sessile ; flowers smaller and less numer- 

 ous in the 5-7-toothed involucre, on a short base, subdioeoious, the sterile umbel contracted and 

 capitate ; filaments pubescent at base. 



19. E. MAEIFOLIUM, T. &- G. Looscly osespitose, with the habit of E. umbeUatum ; leaves 3-5" long, 

 ovate, rounded at base or abruptly narrowed into a longer petiole, white- tomentose or above glabrate ; 

 flowers dull-yellow or pinkish ; seed lanceolate ; cotyledons ovate-oblong, exceeding the radicle. — 

 California. 



20. E. INCANUM, T. & G. More densely csespitose ; leaves very numerous, oblong or spatulate, nar- 

 rowed into a petiole not exceeding the i' long blade, hoary-tomentose both sides ; flowers bright-yellow ; 

 seed ovate-acuminate ; cotyledons oval-rounded, equaling the radicle. — California. 



5 4. PSEUDO-UMBELLATA, T. & G. Bs^se of the flower very short, abruptly contracted ; involu- 

 cres umbeled, very rarely solitary, many-flowered ; umbel leafy-braoted, terminating n naked or 

 1-leaved scape ; calyx 6-parted, with obovate equal segments, whitish or only yellowish, 2-3" long ; 

 ovary glabrous, or in the first species loosely villous above the middle. Low caespitose perennials, 

 with crowded leaves. 



21. E. PYEOLiEFOLiuM, Hook. Glabrate, (or villous-wooUy and tomentose in Var. C0RYPH.a;UM ;) 

 leaves obovate or broad-spatulate, (or ovate ;) umbel 2-bracted, of 3-6 very short rays ; involucre cam- 

 panulate, villous ; calyx slightly villous at base. — Mt. Shasta and Washington Territory. 



22. E. ANDKOSACEUM, Benth. Leaves oblanoeolate or spatulate, white-woolly beneath, glabrate 

 above ; scape 2-3' high, rarely 1-leaved ; umbel 4-7-rayed, simple or subcapitate, with a whorl of linear 

 bracts ; involucre oblong-campanulate, S-toothed ; calyx pubescent at base ; filaments nearly glabrous ; 

 radicle accumbent upon the shorter rounded very eccentric cotyledons.— Rocky Mts. of British America. 



