492 BOTANY. 



the 'branchletB seound, spreading or recurved ; sepals not 2" long, usually light-colored, lanceolate, acute, 

 equal, or the outer subulate ones a little longer ; stamens half-shorter, the anthers equal to the filaments ; 

 style short ; capsule subglohose, mucronate ; seeds i" long, numerous, ovate, ohtuse, obliquely apicu- 

 late. — California. 



11. J. FiLiFOKMis, L. Very slender ; panicle almost simple ; sepals exceeding the broadly ovate 

 obtuse short-pointed greenish capsule. See page 356. Also found in S. Greenland. 



12. J. Smithu, Eng. Panicle nearly simple ; sepals brown, equal, the inner obtnse, a little shorter 

 than the acute and pointed deep-brown capsule ; seeds few, large, short-appendaged.— Pennsylvania. 



(Sii.) Sheaths leaf-bearing. 



13. J. SBTACEUS, Eostk. Panicle few-flowered ; sepals smooth and shining ; capsule globose, beaked ; 

 seeds subglobose, coarsely lined. — N. Carolina to Florida and Louisiana. 



(i.) Flowers few, the panicle scarcely ever compound ; stamens 6. Arctic or subalpine. 



(1.) Seeds only apioulate. 



14. J. ABOTicus, WiUd. Eootstock creeping ; sheaths leafless ; scape terete; sepals ovate-lanceolate, 

 acute, shorter than the elliptical triangular mucronate capsule ; seeds obovate, oblique, obtuse. — Europe ; 

 Asia ; Greenland. Var. Sitchbnsis, Eng. Spathe elongated ; sepals longer, nearly equal ; capsule tur- 

 binate-pyriform ; seeds very few. — Sitka and northward on the coast ; Kamchatka. 



(2.) Seeds caudate. 



15. J. Drtjmmondii, E. Mey. Sheaihs leafless, bristle-pointed ; flowers 1-3, 3" long ; seeds i" long, 

 equaling or shorter than the appendage. See page 356. 



16. J. Hallii, Eng. Scapes 6-12' high, terete, filiform, much longer than the terete bristleform (3-5" 

 long) leaves ; spathe scarcely exceeding the close subsimple 2-5-flon ered panicle ; sepals 2" long, lanceo- 

 late, acute, white-margined, the outer a little longer, and twice longer than the stamens ; anthers nearly 

 equaling the filament ; stigmas subsessile, equaling the ovate ovary ; capsule ovate, angled, retnse, 

 scarcely exserted ; seeds oblong-linear, striate-roticulate, i" long, the tail but half as long. — Colorado. 



17. J. Parryi, Eng. A span high ; sheaths leafy ; panicle 1-3-flowered ; outer sepals bristle-pointed, 

 about 3" long ; capsule acute ; seed and appendage 1" long. See page 357. 



§ 3. GRAMINIFOLII. Stems naked or leafy ; leaves flat, or semi-terete and channeled, or rarely 

 subterete, never knotted. 



* Alpine ; seeds few, large, caudate ; leaves fistulous ; stamens 6. 

 (a.) Flowers few. 



18. J. TRIFIDUS, L. Low, tufted ; leaves 2-3 at the summit, threadlike ; flowers 1-4, sessile ; sepals 

 brown, 2" long or less, acute ; capsule ovate, beaked ; seeds 1" long, angled. — Greenland; Newfoundland; 

 mountains of N. England and Northern New York. 



19. J. BiGLUMis, L. Leaves deeply grooved below, nearly terete or slightly flattened upward ; head 

 2- flowered, one flower pediccUed, usually shorter than the spathe; capsule turbinate, retuse, exceeding 

 the obtuse sepals ; seeds ovate-oblong, -J-" long, a little exceeding the appendage. — N. Europe and Asia; 

 Greenland ; Arctic Coast to Behring Strait and in the subarctic Rocky Mts. 



(b.) Flowers in small heads. 



20. J. TElGLUMis, L. Leaves roundish, channeled and 2-3-tubular below, flattened upward; sheaths 

 auricled at top ; head 3-flowered, equaling the membranous spathe ; capsule elliptical, acute, exceeding 

 the obtuse sepals ; seeds |" long,' with longer appendages.— Europe ; Asia ; Greenland ; Arctic Coast and 

 in the Eocky Mts. to Colorado. 



21. J. STYGius, L. With 1-3 threadlike, leaves below; heads 1-3, of 3-4 flowers; filaments many 

 times exceeding the anther; stigmas recurved; capsiile exserted; seeds IJ" long. — N. W. New York to 

 Newfoundland ; Lake Superior. 



32. J. CASTANBUS, Sm. Stem leafy ; leaves terete, deeply channeled at base ; heads somewhat in 

 pairs, sessile or pedunoled, shorter than the rather large spathe ; sepals 3" long or more, equaling the 

 stamens, shorter than the oval-triangular rather long-mucronate capsule; anthers pointed, half as long 

 as the filaments ; stigmas exsert ; style short ; seeds oblong, -J" long, the tail twice longer.— Europe ■ 

 Asia; Greenland; and from Arctic America to the Saskatchewan, Colorado and Washington Territory ; 

 Newfoundland. 



* * Flowers solitary, panicled ; stamens 6. 



(a.) Stems slender, simple, tufted, leafy below ; root perennial. 



(1.) Seeds caudate. 



23. J. Vasbyi, Eng. Leaves slightly channeled at base ; panicle light-colored, loose, few-flowered ; 



capsule ovate, retuse ; seeds slender, conspicuously caudate at both ends,— Michigan to the Saskatchewan 



and Eocky Mts. ; Colorado. 



