MTIODYNASTES. 49 



by Delattre. The bird is common in Costa Rica, but in the State of Panama M. audax 

 is the prevalent species, while in South America we only know of its occurrence from a 

 single specimen * obtained by Buckley in Eastern Ecuador ; Dr. Taczanowski, however, 

 includes it in the birds of Peru ^^. 



The most northern point reached by this species is probably the Chiricahua 

 Mountains in Southern Arizona. Here Mr. W. H. Henshaw met with old and young 

 birds in August 1874. They were discovered at the mouth of one of the deep ravines 

 which intersect the mountains in every direction 2^. In Nuevo Leon Mr. Armstrong 

 found it not far to the south of the Rio Grande, and it also occurs in the eastern 

 Sierra Madre above Ciudad Victoria at an elevation of 5000 feet above the sea. 

 Further south it appears to be equally common both on the Atlantic and Pacific 

 slopes of the mountains. Grayson, who met with it at Mazatlan, considered it to be 

 migratory, as he only found it in the months of May and June nesting in the tall trees 

 of the Avoods. He believed that it passed southwards during the winter months. 



In Guatemala it frequents the low-lying land on both sides of the cordillera, occurring 

 in the brushwood rather than the denser forests of mixed trees. In such a situation 

 Salvin obtained a specimen near Santo Toribio, a hamlet on the road from Cahabon 

 to Peten. 



2. Myiodynastes audax. 



Muscicapa audax, Gm. Syst. Nat. i. p. 934'. 



Myiodynastes audax, Scl. P. Z. S. 1859, p. 43'; Cat. Birds Brit. Mus. xiv. p. 185'; Scl. & Salv. 



P. Z. S. 1879, p. 514"; Salv. Ibis, 1885, p. 296'. 

 Myiodynastes nobilis, Scl. P. Z. S. 1859, p. 43 " ; Cat. Birds Brit. Mus. xiv. p. 183 ' ; Lawr. Ann. Lye. 

 N. Y. vii. p. 295 \ viii. p. 178 ', ix. p. 114'°; Scl. & Salv. P. Z. S. 1864, p. 360 " ; v. Frantzius, 

 J. f. Om. 1869, p. 307'^; Salv. P. Z. S. 1867, p. 148", 1870, p. 198"; Nutting, Pr. U. S. 

 Nat. Mus. vi. p. 394''. 

 Myiodynastes audax, nobilis et insolens, Ridgw. Man. N. Am. B. p. 332 ". 



Prsecedenti similis, sed fronte, superoiliis et stria utrinque malari ochraceo-albidis, mento albo ; abdomine toto 

 albo, nonnunquam vix flavo tincto : rostro plerumque majore mandibula pro majorem partem pallida. 

 (Descr. maris ex Jalapa, Mexico. Mus. nostr.) 

 5 mari similiB. 



Hah. Mexico, Sierra Madre above Ciudad Victoria in Tamaulipas [W. B. Bichardson), 

 Jalapa {M. Trujillo), Mirador {Sartorius^% Buctzotz in Yucatan {G. F. Gaumer); 

 Costa Eica, Barranca {Carmwl^% San Mateo (J". Cooper ^% Barranca, Cervantes, 

 Turrialba {v. Frantzius ^% Bebedero (Arce) ; Panama, David {Hicks 9), Chitra ^\ 

 Calobrei4, Bugaba i^, Santa Fe i3 (Arce), Lion Hill {M'Leannmi^ ^^), Paraiso 

 Station (Hughes), Chepo (Arce).— Sovtr America, Colombia 4, Ecuador 3, Vene- 

 zuela 3, Guiana ^ 

 * This appears in Mr. Sclater's catalogue under the name oi M. nobilis, but it has aU the characteristics of 

 M. luteiverdris, viz. yeUow under surface, black chin, grey forehead, and white superciliary and malar stripes. 



BIOL. CBNTE.-AMER., Aves, Vol. II., February 1889. 7 



