EMPIDONAX. 76 



between them. The range of the species, as a whole, is very extensive, and doubtless 

 the northern birds occur only in the far north during the breeding- season ; at the same 

 time it is very probable that in the highlands of Mexico birds of this species are to be 

 found throughout the year, their numbers receiving a large accession during the winter. 

 It is certainly found in the tablelands of Mexico as late as the end of April. 



The two names E. hairdi and E. difficilis were published apparently in the same 

 year, 1858. Though the titlepage of Baird's ' Birds of North America ' bears the date 

 1860, copies, we believe, were distributed in 1858, the date of the preface. Mr. Sclater's 

 title E. hairdi appears in the ' Proceedings of the Zoological Society ' for 1858, the 

 paper containing the description having been read at a meeting held on 8th June. 

 There can thus be but little doubt that the name E. bairdi has a slight priority over 

 E. difficilis. 



Grayson says this species is common on the Tres Marias Islands as well as at Topic 

 andMazatlan i^. All his specimens were obtained in the winter and spring months, so 

 that he was not certain whether it remained throughout the summer. On the Tres 

 Marias it frequented the thick forest beneath the foliage of the trees ; it also might 

 often be met with near some secluded and shady brook, from the surface of which it 

 took, its insect food. 



The nest and eggs are described as resembling those of E.flaviventris. 



8. Empidonax salvini. 



Empidonax salvini, Eidgw. Ibis, 1886, pp. 459', 467'; Scl. Cat. Birds Brit. Mus. xiv. p. 331 '. 

 Empidonax bairdi, Scl. & Salv. Ibis, 1860, p. 36*. 



E. hairdi similis, sed supra paulo olivacior : subfcus quoque pectore clare olivaceo distinguendus. (Descr. 



maris ex Calderas, Volcan de Fuego. Mus. nostr.) 

 5 mari similis. 



Hob. Guatemala, Cohan (Constantia \ S. & F. D. G.), Choctura, Calderas, Volcan 

 de Fuego, Volcan de Agua above San Diego {0. S. & F. D. O.); Hondueas'? 

 {Dyson). 



This is a species closely allied to E. hairdi, but may be distinguished by its rather 

 brighter upper surface ; the chest, too, is brighter olivaceous, and the throat and belly 

 clearer yellow. Regarding the under wing-coverts we do not see much difference. 

 When the axillary plumes overlie the coverts the latter appear to be yellow, but when 

 the axillaries are raised the coverts are shown to be ochraceous. 



E. salvini is by no means uncommon in the woods of the Volcanos of Agua and 

 Fuego up to an elevation of 7000 or 8000 feet. It is also found in Alta Vera Paz, 

 near Cohan, and northwards in the direction of Choctum. 



9. Empidonax flavescens. 



Empidonax flavescens, Lawr. Ann. Lye. N. Y. viii. p. 133', ix. p. 115' ; Frantz. J. f. Om. 1869, 



10* 



