142 COTINGIP^. 



tropical America. Thus, in South-eastern Brazil we find C. nudicollis, in Guiana 

 C. niveus, and in the western portion of that country, together with Venezuela and 

 Trinidad, C. variegatus is found; in our country C. tricarunculatus occurs in Costa 

 Rica and the adjoining State of Panama. It thus appears that Chasmorhynchus is 

 unrepresented in Colombia, in all of the countries traversed by the Andes, and in 

 the valley of the Amazons. The latter fact is not so surprising, as all the species 

 appear to affect the mountain forests of some elevation. 



The genus Chasmorhynchus has no near allies, so much so that its position in the 

 family is by no means satisfactorily settled ; there are even points in its structure, such 

 as the absence of a bifurcation to the manubrium of the sternum, which have caused 

 its position in the Passeres to be questioned. 



Mr. Sclater places Chasmorhynchus in his subfamily of Gymnoderinse, that is 

 Cotingidse of large form with " corvine bills." The bill conforms more strictly to the 

 cotingine series, and the absence of rictal bristles also suggests the same position. 



The forehead, the chin, and the portions of the face surrounding the bill and eyes of 

 C. tricarunculatus are destitute of feathers. A long caruncle proceeds from the forehead 

 and one from the rictus on either side ; the nostrils are open and situated at the end of 

 the nasal fossa ; the culmen is moderately and regularly curved, and there is a distinct 

 subterminal notch towards the end of the tomia of the maxilla. The wings are with- 

 out special features, the third primary is slightly the longest, the second, fourth, and 

 fifth being a little shorter, the first=seventh ; the tail is nearly even ; the tarsi are 

 short, the inner and outer toes equal, the latter more united to the middle toe than 

 the former. 



1. Chasmorhynchus tricarunculatus. 



Chasmorhynchus tricarunculatus, J. & E. Verr. Rev. Zool. 1853, p. 193'; Cab. J. f. Orn. 1861, 

 p. 253 ^; Salv. Ibis, 1865, p. 92, t. 3^ P. Z. S. 1867, p. 150 *j 1870, p. 200 ^ Scl. Ibis^ 

 1866, pp. 406 \ 407 ' ; Lawr. Ann. Lye. N. Y. ix. p. 117 '; Frantz. J. f. Orn. 1869, p. 310 ' ; 

 Ridgw. Pr. U. S. Nat. Mus. V. p. 496". 



Castaneus ; capite toto et cervice usque ad pectus niveis ; loris nudis, satis nigris sparsim vestitis ; carunculis 



tribus elongatis ornatus — una frontali, duabus rictalibus : rostro et pedibus nigris. Long, tota 11-0, 



alae 6'5, cauds 4'1, rostri a rictu 15, tarsi 1"1. 

 $ olivaoea ; alis et cauda introrsum fuscis : subtus flavescens, plumis olivaceo utrinque limbatis ; gutture, ventre 



medio et subalaribus immaculatis : rostro et pedibus nigris, carunculis rictalibus vix uUis. 

 cJ juv. feminae similis, plumis maris undique apparentibus, carunculis obviis. (Descr. exempl. ex Tucurriqui, 



Costa Eica. Mus. nostr.) 



Eah. Costa Eica, Tucurriqui (ArcS^), San Jose, Dota Mts., Cervantes (Carmiol% 

 Turrialba {Cooper^), La Palma (Nutting ^^) ; Panama, Boca del Toro ( Verreaux ^, 

 Volcan de Chiriqui^ Cordillera de Tole^, Calovevora^, Veraguas ^ (ArcS). 



This species has almost exactly the same range as Cephalopterus glabricolli^, being 

 found in the same mountains over a similar area. It was first described from specimens 



