222 FOEMICAEIID^. 



Panama. A little way further south, in the Valley of the Cauca, G. rujiceps takes its 

 place, whilst northward at Chiriqui and beyond G. olivascens prevails. 



G. leucaspis is probably restricted to the forests of the eastern slope of the Cordillera 

 drained by the upper waters of the Amazons and Orinoco. "We have lately received a 

 specimen from Mr, T. H. Wheeler from the Llanos of the Eio Meta. 



2. Gymnopitliys olivascens. 



Pithys bicolor, Lawr. Anii. Lye. N. Y. ix. p. 109 ' ; Salv. P. Z. S. 1870, p. 195 ' ; Scl. Ibis, 1873, 

 p. 373'; Cat. Birds Brit. Mus. xv. p. 296 (partim) " ; Boucard, P.Z. S. 1878, p. 62'; 

 Zeledon, An. Mus. Nac. Costa Rica, 1887, p. 115 ^ 



Pithys bicolor olivascens, Ridgway, Pr. U.S. Nat. Mus. xiv. p. 460'. 



G. hwolori similis, sed capite toto summo et fronte rufo-brunneis, hac hand nigricanti-cinerea. (Descr. maris 



ex La Balza, Costa Riea. Mus. nostr.) 

 5 mari similis. 



Hah. Honduras, Santa Ana ( ]^e#^M^eZ '') ; Nicaragua, Chontales (5e^^ 3); Costa Eica, 

 Angostura^, La Balsa (Carmiql), Navarro de Cartago (Zeledon ^), San Carlos 

 (Boucard ^) ; Vasama, Volcan de Chiriqui, Bugaba (Arce ^). 



This bird has hitherto been placed with G. bicolor, but it evidently belongs to 

 a distinct species, with a more northern range than its near ally. One of the 

 characteristic features of G. bicolor is its dark grey forehead ; in this bird the 

 forehead is reddish brown to the base of the bill. Like G. bicolor the male has no 

 concealed dorsal patch, as is the case in G. leucaspis ; moreover that bird has a black 

 band bordering the white under surface on either side, separating it from the dark 

 neck and flanks. G. olivascens has its nearest ally in a Colombian bird which has 

 hitherto been confounded with G. leucaspis, but which is clearly distinct from that 

 bird and we therefore describe it as G. ruficeps *. 



The range of G. olivascens appears to extend from Chiriqui northwards to 

 Honduras. We are not certain whether all the Costa Eica references belong to it, 

 but as our specimen from that country is clearly of this species, we assume that it, 

 and not G. bicolor, alone is found there. 



Mr. Eidgway, who has kindly lent us his types for examination, considered this bird 

 only subspecifically distinct from G. bicolor, but we think its characters quite definite. 

 The relationship of both birds to G. leucaspis is remote. 



* Gymnopithys ruficeps, sp. n. 



O. oUvascenti afflnis, sed fronte et pileo rufescentioribus, hypocliondriis magis rufis et statura majore differt. 

 Long, alse 2*5. 



IFab. Colombia, Cauoa Valley (Salmon). 



There are four specimens of this species in the British Museum, a male and a female from Salmon's collec- 

 tion and two of Bogota make. They are specimens b, e, g, and h of " Pithys leucaspis." 



