CELEUS. 441 



The species of Celeus are strictly Neotropical birds and inhabitants of the hot forests 

 wherever they are found. One species, C. castaneus, is restricted to our region, and 

 ranges from the State of Vera Cruz to Costa Eica. Another, C. loricatus, occurs in 

 Eastern Costa Eica and in the State of Panama, and thence southwards to Peru. A 

 third species, referred to below, may also occur in the State of Panama. 



The bill of Celeus has the culmen slightly arched ; the nostrils are exposed, the post- 

 nasal feathers being erect but not curved forward as in many Woodpeckers : above the 

 nostrils is a ridge running parallel to the culmen and disappearing halfway along the 

 side of the maxilla. The feathers of the occiput are long, those of the neck short. 

 Eich chestnut with cross markings of black are the chief colours of the plumage ; and 

 a well-defined red rictal stripe marks the male in most of the species. In C. loricatus 

 these stripes unite under the chin. The outer toe (reversed) without its claw is shorter 

 than the middle toe. 



1. Celeus castaneus. 



Picus castaneus, Wagl. Isis, 1829, p. 515 \ 



Celeus castaneus, Scl. P. Z. S. 1858, p. 359'; 1859, p. 388'; Moore, P. Z. S. 1859, p. 60'; Scl. 

 & Salv. Ibis, 1859, p. 137'; P. Z. S. 1870, p. 837 ^ Taylor, Ibis, 1860, p. 119'; Lawr. 

 Ann. Lye. N. Y. viii. p. 184 " ; ix. p. 130 ' ; v. Frantz. J. f . Orn. 1869, p. 364 " ; Salv. Ibis, 

 1872, p. 320" ; Sumichrast, LaNat. v. p. 240 ''; Boucard, P. Z. S. 1883, p. 452"; Zeledon, 

 An. Mus. Nac. Costa Riea, 1887, p. 123 "; Hargitt, Cat. Birds Brit. Mus. xviii. p. 433". 



Picus badioides. Less. Cent. Zool. p. 56, t. 14 '^ 



Celeus badioides, Scl. P.Z. S. 1857, p. 229". 



Castaneo-rufus, corpore toto (dorso postioo excepto) lunulis nigris ornafco ; pileo toto et crista ocoipitali elon- 

 gata, ochraceo-rufescentibus ; capitis lateribus et mento ejusdem coloris, stria utrinque rictali et regione 

 parotica coceineis ; remigibus fuscis, intus ad basin castaneis ; secundariis castaneis, internis medialiter 

 maculis sagittiformibus nigris sparsim notatis, subalaribus flavis ; Cauda nigra, dimidio basali saturate 

 castaneo ; rostro eburneo-albo ; pedibus fuscis. Long, tota circa 9*0, alee 5-1, caudse 3'3, rostri arictu 1*2, 

 tarsi 0-8, dig. med. absque ungue 0*8, dig. ext. 0'6. 



5 mari similis, stria rictali coccinea utrinque nulla. (Descr. maris et feminse ex Choctum, Guatemala. Mus. 

 nostr.) 



Ilab. Mexico ^^, Cuesalpa ^^, Santecomapam i'^, Playa Vicente ^ (Boucard), Orizaba 

 [Botteri ^% Omealca, Uvero {Sumichrast ^^j, Atoyac [Mrs. H. H. Smith), Tizimin 

 in Yucatan {Gaumer^^ ^^), Chimalapa, Tehuantepec {W. B. Richardson); Bkitish 

 HoNDUEAS, Orange Walk (Gaumer); Guatemala, Teleman, Choctum {0. S. & 

 F. B. G.); HoNDUKAS {Byson'^^), Omoa {Leyland^), Julian, San Pedro [G. M. 

 IVIiitely^), Potrerillos (G. C. Taylor ^^); Nicaeagua, Chon tales (Belt^^), La 

 Libertad {W. B. Richardson), Greytown {Holland^); Costa Rica {v. Frantzius^% 

 Turrialba {Cooper^, Zeledon ^^), Pacuare (Zeledon^*), Angostura [Carmiol^). 



This Celeus has long been known as an inhabitant of Mexico and Central America, 

 having been described by Wagler in 1829, and since observed, though in sparing 

 numbers, by most of the collectors who have worked in the country now examined. It 



BIOL. CENTE.-AMEE., Aves, Vol. II., May 1895. 56 



