452 picm^. 



' Nomenclator,' and subsequently confirmed in the paper on Salmon's collection from 

 Antioquia. 



With regard to the extension of the range of this species to Costa Rica, as given by 

 Hargitt, it would seem that he was induced, by Dr. Cabanis's note (J. £ Orn. 1862, p. 176) 

 on three specimens sent to Berlin by Dr. von Frantzius and Hoffmann, to place all 

 the Costa-Eica references to C. scapularis under C. lineatus. These are described as 

 rather larger than Mexican examples, with a darker horn-coloured bill, and with the 

 light parts under the wing of a purer white, without a yellowish tint. All these 

 characters certainly point to C. lineatus, though Dr. Cabanis, looking upon his speci- 

 mens as somewhat intermediate, called them C. scapularis, in which he has been 

 followed by other writers on Costa-Eica birds. In the following year Cabanis and 

 Heine described the same specimens as C. mesorhynchus (Mus. Hein. iv. Heft 2, p. 86, 

 note), and further suggested that probably the same form occurred throughout Central 

 America, This we now know to be not the case, as the bird found in Central America 

 north of Costa Eica is certainly the same as that of Mexico. 



Unfortunately a series of specimens from Costa Eica is not accessible to us, for the 

 only example we have seen from that country is a female, and this appears to be a 

 true C. scapularis, to which species Hargitt has already referred it. 



In answer to enquiries, Mr. Eidgway writes that the only adult specimen in the U. S. 

 National Museum appears to be intermediate between C. scapularis and C. lineatus. It 

 therefore seems probable that in Costa Eica the two forms intergrade. 



Subfam. PICUMNIN^. 

 Cauda laxa haud scansoria, rectricibus rotundatis haud acutis. 



Of the four genera contained in this subfamily, only one, Picumnus, is represented 

 in Central America. Of the others, Nesoctites (a modification of Picumnus) is found 

 in the island of Hispaniola. The remaining genera are both Old-World forms, viz. : 

 Verreauxia of West Africa, and Sasia of the Indo-Malayan sub-region. Picumnus is 

 also an Old-World genus, according to Hargitt, who includes Vivia within its limits. 



PICUMNUS. 



Picumnus, Temminck, PI. Col. livr. 62 (1825) ; Hargitt, Cat. Birds Brit. Mus. xviii. p. 521. 



Including the Old-World genus Vivia with two species, Hargitt admits thirty-three 

 species of Picumnus, which we would reduce to thirty-two, as we do not consider 

 P. granadensis separable from P. olivaceus. All the thirty American species are found 

 in South America, the only one occurring within our limits being the bird just named. 



1. Picumnus olivaceus. 



Picumnus olivaceus, Lafr. Rev. Zool. 1845, pp. 7 ', 111 ' j Salv. P. Z. S. 1870, p. 212'; Scl. & Salv. 

 P. Z. S. 1870, pp. 837 ^ 839'; Hargitt, Cat. Birds Brit. Mus. xviii. p. 548'. 



