EHAMPHA8T0S. 553 



bird, but there are points in the description, such as the white throat, that make it 

 doubtful what Linnseus's bird really was. We quite accept the general verdict that 

 Swainson's title R. carinatus ^ may continue to be applied to this Toucan, though the 

 description is not satisfactory. 



The range of this species extends far further north than that of any of its congeners, 

 as it is found from the middle of the State of Vera Cruz throughout Eastern Guate- 

 mala to Honduras. It seems to be wholly absent from Western Mexico and the whole 

 of the low-lying land of Guatemala, between the mountains and the Pacific Ocean. 

 Where it occurs on the eastern side of the Cordillera, it is by no means uncommon, as 

 we have records of it from many places in Vera Cruz, and thence southwards into 

 Yucatan, British Honduras, and Guatemala. It is a bird that never leaves the vicinity 

 of the great forests, and its presence may be known by its harsh cries. It does not 

 leave the hotter districts, and its range in the mountains probably does not much 

 exceed 2500 feet. 



The colours of the bill in life are very vivid, but these almost wholly disappear in 

 the dried skin. The maxilla in life is for the most part yellowish-green, the tip being 

 blood-red, and there is a large elongated orange patch along the proximal half of the 

 side ; the mandible is blood-red at the tip, then follows a sky-blue band, succeeded by 

 yellowish-green to the base ; a black ridge surrounds the base of the bill. The bare 

 space round the eye is greenish-yellow, becoming green under the eye itself. The iris is 

 greenish-yellow. These notes on the colours of these parts were taken from a specimen 

 freshly killed on the Rio Dulce, Guatemala, in December 1857 ^^. 



2. Rhamphastos brevicarinatus. 



Rhamphastos brevicarinatus, Gould, Mon. Rhamph. ed. 3, t 3'; Salv. Ibis, 1869, p. 317 '; Scl. 



Cat. Birds Brit. Mus. xix. p. 126'; Richmond, Pr. U. S. Nat. Mus. xvi. p. 518*. 

 Rhamphastos approximans , Cab. J. f. Om. 1862, p. 333 ' ; v. Frantz. J. f. Orn. 1869, p. 362 ° ; 



Lawr. Ann. Lye. N. Y. ix. p. 128 ^ 

 Rhamphastos carinatus, Cassin, Pr. Ac. Phil. 1860, p. 136 ' ; Lawr. Ann. Lye. N. Y. vii. p. 299 " ; 



Scl. & Salv. P. Z. S. 1864, p. 366 " ; Salv. P. Z. S. 1867, p. 156 " ; 1870, p. 211 ''• Nutting, 



Pr. U. S. Nat. Mus. vi. p. 407"; Zeledon, An. Mus. Nac. Costa Rica, 1887, p. 123"; 



Underwood, Ibis, 1896, p. 445 ". 

 Rhamphastos piscivorus, Lawr. Ann. Lye. N. Y. viii. p. 184"; Scl. & Salv. P. Z. S. 1867, p. 280". 

 B. carinato persimiUs et forsan vix distinguendus ; gutbure luteo, postice late coccineo limbato, et sfcatura forsan 

 minore diversus. 



Eab. Nicaragua, Matagalpa (W. S. Bichardson), Escondido river {Eichmond% 

 Blewfields {Wickham ^% Los Sabalos {Nutting ^% La Libertad, San Emilio {W. B. 

 Bichardson), Greytown {Holland ^^) ; Costa Rica ^, San Jose {v. Frantzius ''), Grecia, 

 Angostura, Dota Mts. {v. Frantzius^ CarmioV), Candelaria Mts., Aguacate, 

 Machuca, Orosi,Tucurriqui {v. Frantzius% Cartago, Naranjo de Cartago {Zeledon^% 

 Turrialba {Arc^. Zeledon ^^), Miravalles {Underwood ^^) ; Panama, Chitra^^^ ganta 

 Fe 11 {ArcS), Lion Hill {M'Leannan ^ i«).— N. Colombia *. 

 BIOL. CENTK.-AMER., Aves, Vol. II., December 1896. 70 



