10 COITEE. 



"In pulping three things are aimed at — ^to pulp rapidly, 

 cleanly, and without damaging the beans. By clean pulping we 

 mean separating entirely and thoroughly the bean from the pulp, 

 so that as little as possible of the pulp should pass to the cisterns 

 with the parchment. It is of great importance, too, that the beans 

 be not pricked or scratched. If the inner skin of the bean be 

 broken, it will generally run to powder when dried, and so be lost 

 to the planter. The point, therefore, is to find a surface that will 

 be rough enough to take off the pulp, and yet have no sliai-p 

 points or edges to injure the bean. The surface of both cylinder 

 and disk is a thin sheet of copper or brass — generally copper. For 

 the disks the copper is punched or knobbed by what is called a 

 ' blind ' punch ; it merely raises the surface of the copper into 

 rows of oval knobs, but does not pierce through the sheet, and 

 hence leaves no sharp edges. The cylinders have a patent ' half- 

 moon ' punch, which pierces the copper and throws up the broken 

 edge into almost a half-circle, and it is found that this form of 

 punch does extremely little injury to the beans. 



" Some of the cylinder-pulpers used in the East are very large, 

 having a capacity to readily pulp 100 bushels of berries per hour, 

 and when pushed can be made to pulp 150 to 160 bushels per 

 hour. 



" The ' gearless ' pulper has two pulping cylinders, two pairs 

 chops, hopper and feed-boxes of galvanized iron, a large sieve 

 with circular motion, and a set of elevator buckets for the pur- 

 pose of raising unpulped or imperfectly pulped cherry thrown out 

 by the sieve, and re-delivering it to the pulping cylinders. No 

 wheels are used in driving the cylinders, and otherwise it is sim- 

 ple in its construction, less liable to accident than most pulpers, 

 and all its working parts are easily reached. It can be driven at 

 a very effective speed by a sixteen-f eet water-wheel, or a three- 

 horse-power engine. In this pulper the cherry is dropped into a 

 central hopper, and from thence passes into two side hoppers. 

 From these it drops on to the sides of the cylinders, and the pulp- 

 ing is effected at the chops, where the cherry is pressed between 

 the cylinders and the upper chop, which loosens the beans. The; 

 pulp is drawn down between the cylinder and the edge of thei 

 lower chop, while the beans pass out between the chops. TheS 



