THE KOSE AND ITS CULTURE. 



97 



are the two whites, Anna Maria de Montravel and 

 Madame Parqueritte ; and the two pinks, Madame 

 C. Brunner and Mignonette, and the Fairy Roses, 

 are dwarf by nature and character, though some have 

 moulded them into lilipntian standsirds. 



Pegged-do-wB. Koses. — This is a mode of cul- 

 ture rather than a special form. Almost any vaiiety 

 of Rose may be forced to the ground by pegging, 

 though those of slender growths and of perpetual 

 blooming qualities are best adapted for the purpose. 

 Such Roses as the old Monthly or pink and crimson 

 Chinas, may be accepted as the very best types of 

 Roses for pegging down. All the Tea Roses, most 

 of the Bourbons and Noisettes, and the majority of 

 the Hybrid Perpetuals, yield readily to this mode of 

 treatment. It has two prominent advantages above 

 most other methods of training Roses ; that of cover- 

 ing the ground more rapidly and completely, and the 

 annual re-invigoration of the plants near their collars 

 or root-stock, the centre of their vitality and life. 



It is impossible to exaggerate the obvious advan- 

 tages of pegging-down Roses. Charming . as Roses 

 are in blossom and foliage, it is yet a fact that as 

 generaUj- planted they add but little to the landscape 

 beauty of gardens or pleasure-grounds. The plants 

 are either too tall, formal, stiff, or too much bare 

 ground is seen around or among them. Let the 

 latter be covered with their own branchlets, and 

 these objections vanish at once. 



Pegging-down improves the Roses even more than 

 the landscape. By bending the branches towards the 

 ground considerable strain is placed on their bases. 

 This strain forces the buds at these points to break 

 with great vigour and strength. The result is that 

 during the summer a series of shoots are formed very 

 often stronger than those oi the . preceding year. 

 Hence, at the end of the season all that is necessary 

 is to cut away the whole or a portion of last year's 

 blooming shoots, and bend these maiden shoots down 

 in their places, and thus the beauty and vigour of the 

 plants are annually renewed, and one of the most 

 serious eyesores that disfigure so many gardens, 

 that of dilapidated Rose-trees or bushes climbing 

 rather than coyering the ground, avoided. 



In the brief lists given of Roses adapted for dwarfs 

 and other forms, it must iiot be assumed that others 

 not named are not as suitable or as beautiful. 

 Because these will answer for moulding into the 

 forms indicated, is no reason why others wiU. not, 

 and almost any Ro se may be grown into any shape 

 or form desired, though some are more pliable than 

 others. Those specified in these lists are not only 

 suitable, but mostly cheap ; and the dwarfs especially 

 may be purchased in quantity on specially favourable 

 conditions from most of the larger firms in the trade. 

 55 



GLASS STEUCTURES AND 

 APPLIANCES. 



PLANT-ST07EIS AND ORCHID-HOUSES. 



JUST as the chief, often the only difference be- 

 tween the dining and drawing-room, resolves 

 itself into a mere matter of furnishing and arrange- 

 ment, so the main distinction between the plant- 

 stove and the conservatory lies in their different 

 temperatures, and the distinct character of the plants 

 found in the two sets of houses. The structures 

 may be identical in size and form ; so much, indeed, 

 is this the case, that the conservatories already de- 

 scribed and illustrated are almost equally suited for 

 plant-stoves and Orchid-houses. The furniture and 

 temperatures are the chief considerations that de- 

 termine the nomenclature of our glass structures. 

 Hence, houses devoted to .Vines are called Vineries ; 

 to Peaches, Peacheries or Peach-houses ; to Pines, 

 Pineries ; to collections of more or less hardy fruits, 

 either planted out or in pots, orchard- houses ; to 

 the semi-tender plants of temperate regions, green- 

 houses ; to these and other plants- in flower, con- 

 servatories ; to tropical plants, plant-stoves ; and to 

 Orchids, Orchid-houses. Many sections of structures 

 suitable for such special purposes have already been 

 given in articles upon the Vine, the Pine-apple, &c. ; 

 and others will appear as occasion calls for them. 

 The division or classification is often carried much 

 further in large places, whence Ferneries, Orange- 

 ries, Fuchsia-houses, Pelargonium-houses, Succulent- 

 houses, Palm-houses, simply mean glass structures 

 devoted wholly or chiefly to the cultivation of these 

 special plants. Occasionally the houses are built for 

 the tenants, and in this way thej- have a double 

 claim to their name. But far oftener it is not so ; 

 as a collection of plants increase or multiply, they 

 occupy fii'st a part and then the whole of any existing 

 house, and henceforth bestow theii' names upon it. 

 Hence there may or may not be any special sti'uc- 

 tural feature to give significance to the name of the 

 house, or specially suit it for the piu-pose to which 

 it is set apart. As horticulture advances, however, 

 it is possible that the multiplication of names will 

 greatly increase, until almost every family or genus 

 of plants will have its house to which it will impart 

 its name, or for which it wiD. be structurally and 

 physically fitted with the greatest nicety. This is 

 already the case in the great family of Orchids, and 

 hence we have not simply Orchid-houses, but dis- 

 tinct houses for Phalsenopsis, Cattleyas, Dendrobes, 

 Aerides, Odontoglots, &o._&c. 



In the olden times glass-houses were comparatively 

 few, and they were mainly classified by temperature, 

 a system which is stUl retained to a great extent in 



