Xll 



LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS 



Page 



Common Gnat (Culex pipiens) ■ 356 



Larva of Common Gnat {Culex pipiens) 357 



Scales from Wings of various Butterflies 359 



Heads and Proboscides of Butterflies 359 



Great Tortoise-shell Butterfly ( Vanessa) 361 



Cabbage Moth {Mamestra) (from Curtis) 364 



Adult Stage of a Clothes-Moth - 365 



LarvEe of a Clothes-Moth - 365 



Lady-Birds (Coccinella) (from Curtis) 366 



Flea-Beetle (Haltica) (from Curtis) 366 



Green Tiger Beetle ( Cicindela canipestris) - 367 



Great Water Beetle (Dytiscus marginalis) - 368 



Devil's Coach Horse ( Ocypus) (from Curtis) 368 



Rose Chafer ( Cetonia aurata) (from Curtis) 369 



Corn-Weevil (from Curtis) 369 



Structure of Hymenoptera 370 



Turnip Saw-Fly {Athalia) (from Curtis) 371 



Wood Wasp {Sirex gigas) 371 



Ichneumon-Fly (Hemiteles) (from Curtis) - 373 



Humble Bees (from Curtis) 374 



Net- Winged Insects {Neuroptera) 375 



Golden-Eyed Fly (Chrysopa) (from Curtis) 378 



Common Earwig (Forficula auricularia) 380 



"Locust" (Acridiam peregrinum) 382 



Mole-Cricket (G?yllotalpa) (from Curtis) 383 



Aptera, magnified 384 

 Scorpion (after Blanchard and Milne - 



Edwards) 385 



Common False Spider ( Galeodes araneoides) 388 



Book Scorpion ( Chelifer cancroides) - 389 



A Whip Scorpion (Phrynus) 389 



A Harvestman (Phalangium) (after Cuvier) 390 



Garden Spider (Epeira diadema) and Web 391 



Cheese-Mite ( Tyroglyphus siro) 393 



Pentastoraum (after Leuckart) 393 



A Bear- Animalcule (after Greeff) 394 



British Centipedes (from Curtis) 394 

 Structure of Centipede (after Vogt and 



Yung) 395 



British Millipedes (from Curtis) 396 



Cape Peripatus (after Balfour) 399 



Structure of Peripatus (after Balfour) 400 



Appendages of Lobster {Homarus vulgaris) 405 



Dissection of Lobster (Homarus vulgaris) - 407 



Mediterranean Crustacea - 411 



Rock-Lobster [Palinurus vulgaris) 412 



A Hermit-Crab [Pagurus) (after Bell) 412 



Opossum-Shrimp (My sis) (after Gerstaecker) 413 



Cuma (after Sars) 414 



Amphipods (after Mayer and Liitken) 415 



Isopods (after Stebbing and Shipley) 415 



Nebalia (after Milne-Edwards) 416 



Page 



A Nauplius Larva 4^7 



Ship-Barnacles (Lepas) (after Schmarda) 418 

 Small Fresh-water Crustacea (after Claus, 



R. Hertwig, and Zenker) 419 



Apus (after Leunis-Ludwig) 421 



King-Crab (Limulus) (partly after Leuckart) 423 

 Shore Pycnogon (Pycnogonum littorale) 



(after Milne-Edwards) 424 



A Sea-Centipede (Nereis) (after Gosse) 426 

 Structure of Sea-Centipede (Nereis) (after 



Ehlers and R. Leuckart) 427 



Lugworm (Arenicola piscatorum) 430 



Gephyrea (partly after Greeff) 433 



Rotifer (Philodina) (after Hudson and Gosse) 434 



Polyzoa 437 



Polyzoa, enlarged (after Kraepelin and Boas) 437 

 Lamp-Shell ( Waldheimia) (after Boas and 



Davidson) 439 



Tape- Worm ( Tania solium) (after Leuckart) 442 



Liver-Fluke (Fasciola) (after Sommer) 443 



Planarja lactea (after O. Schmidt) 445 



Leptoplana tremellaris 446 



Round- Worm (Ascaris) (after Leuckart) 448 



Common Star- Fish (Uraster rubens)- 451 



Common Star-Fish ( Uraster rubens)- 453 



Brittle-Star (after Wyville Thomson) 455 

 Edible Sea -Urchin (Echinus esculenHis) 



(partly after Hamann) 456 



Three-jawed Pedicellariae of Sea-Urchins - 458 



Sea-Lily (Pentacrinus) (after J. Miiller) 460 



Feather-Star (Comatula), climbing 460 

 Stages in Development of Feather - Star 



(Comatula) (after Wyville Thomson) 461 



A Sea-Cucumber (Cucumaria) - 462 



Green Hydra (Hydra viridis) - 465 



Structure of Hydra (partly after Jickeli) 468 



Epithelium (after Hatschek) 470 



Development of Hydra (after Brauer) 472 



Sea-Anemone - 474 



Skeletons of Arabian Corals (after Haeckel) 475 

 Dead - Man's Fingers (Alcyonium) (after 



Cuvier and Hornell) 477 



A Hydroid Zoophyte (Obelia) (after Hornell) 479 



A Compound Jelly-Fish (Sarsia) 481 



Development of Aurelia 482 



Lucernaria 482 



Cydippe (after Chun) 483 



Sponge Spicules 485 



Bath-Sponge (Euspongia) 486 



Group of Calcareous Sponges 487 



Protozoa (after various authors) ^gg 



Protomyxa (after Haeckel) 457 



