CONCLUSIONS. 



"We may sum up as follows the actual state of our 

 knowledge upon the bacteria : — 



1. The bacteria are cellular organisms of vege- 

 table nature. 



2. Their organism is more complicated than 

 was for a long time believed. The principal 

 points brought to light are : their structure, the 

 presence of cilia, the nature of the substances 

 contained in their protoplasm, — colored granules, 

 grains of sulphur, etc. 



3. The forms of torula, zooglcea, leptothrix, my- 

 coderma, etc. 



4. The multiple affinities of the bacteria, on the 

 one hand with the algae, on the other with the 

 fungi, differently understood by authors, and their 

 development, still unknown for the greater num- 

 ber of species, make it impossible to classify these 

 beings except in a provisional manner. 



5. This development, well studied in several 

 species of Bacillus, has proved that bacteria may 

 multiply not only by fission, but also by formation 

 of spores, and even by veritable sporangia. 



6. These spores or permanent germs are the 



