a s. e 
85. §. orbiculare Menegh. Synops. Desm. in Linnea 1840, p. 295; 
Ralfs Brit. Desm. 1848, p. 125, t. XXI, f. 5. 
Var. depressum Roy et Biss. 1. c. p. 237, t. 268, f. 14. 
Long. 21—25 2; lat. 21 —25 w; Jat. isthm. 7,5 p—8,6 
With the preceding species. 
Area (of type and varieties): Ubiquitous. 
86. §,.Bieneanum Rabenh. Alg. No. 1410; West & G. S. West in 
Journ. Roy. Micr. Soc. 1896, p. 158, t. Ill, f. 27. &. orbicwlare var. 
Bieneanum Rabenh. Flor. Europ. Algar. TI, p. 200. 
Var. orientale West. & G.S. West, n. var. (Tab. nostr. Ill, fig. 29.) 
Var. minor, dorso semicellularum convexo (non retuso in medio); 
membrana glabra. : 
Long. 25; lat. 22,5; lat. isthm. 6p. 
Only one specimen of the Siamese plant was seen and provisionally 
we place it as a variety of S. Bieneanum Rabenh. It is very probable 
that S. Bieneanum var. orientale will ultimately prove to be a distinct 
species. ae 
Area (of type): Europe, N. America, E. Africa, Madagascar, Siberia, Japan, 
Samoa, New Zealand and Australia. 
87. §. Zahlbruckneri Liitkem. in Ann. des k. k. Naturhist. Hofmus. 
Wien 1900, Bd. XV, Heft 2, p. 125, t. VI, f. 41—43. 
Var. mamillatum West & G. S. West, n. var. (Tab. nostr. III, fig. 35 
37.) 
Var. cellulis in ambitu subcircularibus; semicellulis subdepréssis 
semicircularibus, apicibus latissime rotundatis; angulis bilobulatis, 
lobulis valde mamillatis, iis semicellule alterius interdigitatis cum 
jis alterius; a vertice visis lateribus subrectis. 
Long. 92-95 yw; lat. 80—82 y; lat. isthm. 27—28,5 p. 
Numerous examples of this fine Staurastvum were seen. The typical 
form was recently described by Liitkemiiller from the Ningpo Mountains 
in Central Ghina. The Siamese variety is relatively shorter and possesses 
more rounded semicells; the angles are more deeply lobed and distinctly 
mamillate, the mamillate lobes of one angle fitting into those of the other, 
thus causing a striking peculiarity of the sinus, the aperture of which is 
rarely visible. 
The cell-wall is very much thickened at the mamillate angles and 
shows a marked lamination. Sometimes a few lateral wart-like excrescences 
are present on the opposed faces of two interdigitating lobes of the angles. 
The cell-wall is strongly punctate as in the typical form. 
In stagnant water in the jungle. 
Area (of type): Central China. 
88. §, alternans Bréb. in Ralfs Brit. Desm. p. 132, t. XXI, f.7. 
Long. 26 4; lat. 254; lat. isthm. 8,5 u. 
