cH. III.] Mixed Races. 45 



only not of Malay orip;in, but probably related to the 

 Papuans. Here and there I came across individuals 

 whom I could not consider otherwise than as retrogrades 

 to the main aboriginal type. In most of these cases the 

 hair, though not absolutely identical with that of the 

 pure Papuan type, resembled in texture and in growth 

 that of the Papua-Malay (mixed race) of the west coast of 

 New Guinea, who are by no means inconsiderable in 

 number. In these individual cases the hair was quite 

 different from the curled hair of the other orang-utans. 



" My chief reasons for my decision on this j)oint, ai'e 

 deduced from the existence of these retrograde instances 

 from the present to the aborigiual type : the fact that 

 the orang-utans are not easily distinguishable from the 

 Malays inhabiting the interior of Jahore, does not 

 diminish this decision, because these Malays gradually 

 by intermarriages have partly inherited the orang-utan 

 type. This intermarriage has been in practice for cen- 

 turies, and is likely to have been occasioned by the flight 

 into the interior of those of the Coast-Malays, who pre- 

 ferred retirement in the jungle to embracing the doc- 

 trines of Islam at the time of the Mahomedan conquest 

 in these parts. To such causes are mainly attributable 

 the variations in the type, and the diversity in the skull 

 formations which I met with in my journey. In size the 

 " orang-utan " are strikingly diminutive. The men rarely 

 exceed four feet eight inches in height, whilst I came 

 across many instances of women, mothers of several 

 children, whose stature was about four feet two inches. 

 Some allowance in these cases must be made consequent 

 on the early marriages, and the defective nourishment at 



all times. 



" Some of the ' orang-utan ' whilst preserving their 

 traditional habits and mode of existence, continue to 



