56 



5. T. interruptum, Buckley. Texas to New Mexico. 



6. T. Ludovicianum, Vasey. Louisiana. 



7. T. montanum, Vasey. Colorado to New Mexico. 



8. T. palustre, Linn. New York to Illinois and southward. 



9. T. subspicatum, Beauv. Mountains New England to the Pacific. 

 T. subspicatum, var. molle, Gr. Mountains New England to 



the Pacific. 



A perennial grass of the mountainous regions of Europe and 

 North America. It is found sparingly in New England, on the 

 shores of Lake Superior, in the Rocky Mountains of Colorado, Utah, 

 California, Oregon, and northward to the Arctic circle. It varies 

 in height according to the altitude at which it grows, being some- 

 times reduced to 3 or 4 inches, at other times running up to 2 feet 

 high. The culms are erect and firm, smooth, or downj\ The pani- 

 cle is spike-like, dense, and cylindrical or elongated, and more or 

 less interrupted, generally of a purplish color. The spikelets are 

 two to three flowered. The flowers are slightly loDger than the 

 outer glumes, slightly scabrous, the flowering glumes acutely two- 

 toothed at the apex, and bearing a stout awn which is longer than 

 its glume. 



This undoubtedly furnishes a considerable portion of mountain 

 pasturage. 



A vena, Linn. 



Spikelets usually large, two to five flowered, the uppermost gen- 

 erally imperfect, in a loose panicle, the rhachis hairy below the 

 flowers ; outer glumes nearly equal, lanceolate, acute, scarious ; the 

 flowering glumes of firmer texture (in some species cartilaginous,) 

 shortly bifld at the apex, with a long dorsal twisted awn below the 

 apex ; palet similar in texture to its glume, narrow, prominently 

 two-nerved, two-toothed. 



1. A. barbata, Brot. Introduced in Southern California. 



2. A. fatua, Linn. Wild oats. ^Introduced in California. Also 



found in Texas, Minnesota, and Wisconsin. 

 This species is very common in California. It is generally thought 

 to have been introduced from Europe, where it is native, but it has 

 become diffused over many other countries, including Australia and 

 South America. It is thought by some to be the original of the 

 cultivated oat Avena sativa, that the common oat will degenerate 



