FRUIT CULTURE IN FRANCE 



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trench is opened at the foot of the wall or espalier, and the plant is placed in at 

 a depth of om.30 or om.35. Contrary to the ancient practice, which de- 

 manded a depth of from i m. to im.50, the stem is buried in the soil om.50 

 deep at the utmost. In rather wet land the planting is done close to the foot of 

 the wall ; on the other hand, in hot dry soils the vine is planted on the north 



Dwarf and Tall Cordon Vines alternately Arranged 



side, and the shoot is brought through the wall in order that it may be trained 

 on the south side. 



Pruning. — The pruning of the first year consists in cutting the cane back 

 to two " eyes " above the soil, choosing the better of the two to lay the 

 foundation of the plant : in case of accident the other shoot can be made use 

 of. For the following years, pruning is directed towards the formation of 

 the frame, and the regulation of the shoots. 



