CARNIVORES IN CAPTIVITY 117 
gave birth three times, but unfortunately she proved herself a 
monster wholly lacking in maternal feelings, for she proceeded 
to devour her own cubs. On one occasion the owner of the 
menagerie succeeded in taking away the young from their 
mother, but they did not live long, and he foolishly threw 
them away instead of preserving them in spirit for scientific 
purposes. 
In the Zoological Gardens at Stuttgart, which are now 
unfortunately closed, some very interesting hybrids were 
bred by Herr Nill.) These were a cross between the brown 
bear and the polar bear. A short time ago I saw some 
more of these animals, which are in the Zoological Gardens 
in London. They are large heavy creatures, but not larger 
than their parents. One of them is a very curious fellow, a 
piebald, his fur being half greyish-brown and half white. 
The real difficulty in the treatment of captive carnivores 
begins, as we shall see in the next chapter, when one attempts 
to train them to perform; for here one is endeavouring to 
make the animals do what is contrary to all their natural 
instincts. All the difficulties, however, can be overcome by 
patience, by a careful study of the brute mind, and by a 
recognition of the good qualities which are to be found in 
every creature. 
