234 BEASTS AND MEN 
their powerful muscles; and visitors as a rule cannot con- 
ceive at first what barrier there is to keep them in. The 
broad trench which serves this purpose is so carefully con- 
cealed with thick brushwood and plants that the illusion is 
almost complete. 
It is only in comparatively recent years that I have 
ventured to exhibit animals in this fashion. The first occa~ 
sion was at the Berlin Exhibition in 1896, and later on | 
tried it at Leipsic and several other places, but my greatest 
The “ Japanese” island. 
success was at the St. Louis Exhibition in 1904. Before 
substituting a trench for railings, I had, of course, to carry 
out a series of experiments to discover how far the animals 
could jump. Any underestimate of their saltatory powers 
might, indeed, be attended with terrible consequences. | 
therefore investigated carefully their capacity both at the high 
jump and the long jump. In the case of the feline carnivores 
my experiments were made some time ago when I was still 
at Neuer Pferdemarkt. For the high jump my method was 
to take a stuffed pigeon and fix it to a projecting branch of a 
