Methods of Organization. 107 



the end of the rotation was considered desirable. 



Cotta based his system of forest organization upon a 

 method described by a Bavarian, Schilcher (1796) ; 

 it relied primarily upon area rather than volume di- 

 vision. This method was later on (1817), called by him 

 Flaechenfachwerk (area allotment). It divides the ro- 

 tation into periods and allots areas for each periodic 

 felling budget. But before this time, ia 1804, Cotta 

 had himself formulated a method of his own, which com- 

 bined the area and volume method, the volume being the 

 main basis and the area beiag merely used as a check. 

 While Hartig dogmatically and persistently carried out 

 his difficult scheme, Cotta was open-minded enough to 

 improve his method of regulation, and by 1820, in his 

 Aiiweisung zur Forsteinrichtung und Ahschaetzung, he 

 comes to his final position of basing the sustained yield 

 entirely on the area allotment, using the estimate of vol- 

 ume simply to secure an approximately uniform felliag 

 budget. He laid particular stress on orderly pro- 

 cedure in the subdivision and progress of the fellings. 

 He did not prepare an elaborate working plan binding 

 for the entire rotation, but merely prescribed the princi- 

 ples of the general management, and in 1816 he made 

 felling and planting plans only for the next decade. 



A similar method making a closer combination of vol- 

 ume and area allotment, now known as the combined 

 allotment, in which the area forms the main basis foi; 

 distributing the felling budgets, was prescribed by Klip- 

 stein in 1833. This confines the working plan to the 

 first period of the rotation and for this period alone 

 makes a rather careful statement of the expected vol- 

 ume budget ; a new budget is then to be determined at 



