314 France. 



of forestry dates from Broillard's Gours d'Amenagement, 

 in 1878. The latest contribution by G. Huff el, Economie 

 Forestiere, 1904, to be published in several volumes, 

 promises to be of superior character. There should not 

 be forgotten as among the non-professional promoters of 

 forest questions, Chevandier, a chemist and manufac- 

 turer, who, in 1844, made investigations regarding the 

 influence of irrigation on wood growth and on the influ- 

 ence of fertilizers, and in connection vdth Wertheim, 

 laid the foundation for timber physics. 



One monthly magazine, "Revue des Faux et Forets," 

 not of the highest order or elaborate, if compared with 

 the German journals, satisfies the needs of the French 

 forest public and the books of professional character 

 produced during the last century worthy of note will 

 hardly exceed two dozen. 



7. Colonial Policies. 



The French have also extended their forest policy to 

 their colonies in Algeria, Tunis, Indo-China, and Mada- 

 gascar, although, at least in the latter, rough exploita- 

 tion is still the rule. 



Algeria, which was conquered in 1828, is about four- 

 fifths of the size of France, but only 5.5 per cent, is for- 

 ested, largely with Aleppo Pine and various oaks, among 

 which the Cork oak is the most valuable. Although the 

 population does not exceed 4.5 million, import of wood 

 from Sweden and elsewhere to nearly one million dollars 

 in amount is necessary. The first advance of civilization 

 led to wide-spread destruction of the originally larger, 

 forest area; fire and pasture being specially destructive. 



Before the French occupation the 7 million acres of 



