360 Canada. 



1784 such grants were made along the St. Lawrence 

 and the Bay of Quinte to veterans of the loyalist army, 

 some 20,000, in lots of 200 acres for privates up to 

 5,000 acres for field ofl&cers. In 1791 every seventh 

 section was ordered to be set aside as Clergy Reserves 

 for the support of the Protestant Church, a measure 

 which created much friction, and formed, especially 

 in the Roman Catholic province of Quebec, a chief 

 grievance in starting the Papineau revolution of 1837. 

 Some 3,300,000 acres were gradually withdrawn for 

 this purpose, and as far as possible leased to secure an 

 income. Some of these lands were sold after 1827, 

 and finally, in 1853, a statute was passed to sell the 

 remainder and turn over the proceeds to municipalities 

 for educational purposes and local improvement. 



Extensive grants and sales were made to lumbermen 

 and speculators. In this manner, by the granting of 

 13,000 acres to an American, Philemon Wright, in 1800, 

 the great lumber industry of Ottawa was started, and, 

 in 1836, another American syndicate secured about a 

 million acres of grants. Out of the 50 million acres 

 granted in aid of railroad construction, some portion 

 m.ust also have been in timber. By all these methods 

 as well as by small grants and sales to settlers a large 

 area of uncertain extent has become private property. 



In Nova Scotia nearly the entire government do- 

 main has passed by grant and sale into private hands, 

 one-half in small holdings. Out of 3.5 million acres 

 less than 100,000 acres remain, outside of Cape Breton 

 Island, subject to lease. About 1,500,000 acres of 

 timberland is in private hands. Similarly, in Prince 

 Edward's Island, the 800 square miles of woodland 



