Forest Reservations. 367 



holders. The Dominion government has also estab- 

 lished a fire ranger system. 



The need for more organized effort and advice led 

 to the establishment of special bureaus of forestry. 

 In Ontario a Clerk of Forestry was established in the 

 Department of Agriculture in 1883, and, in 1895, he was 

 replaced by a Clerk, later named Director of Forestry 

 (Mr. Thomas Southworth), in the Crown Lands 

 Department. This office, later, was changed to a 

 Bureau of Forestry and Colonization, and a tech- 

 nically educated man was appointed as Provincial 

 Forester, with a view of developing a forest manage- 

 ment, at least in the Reserves. This movement, 

 however, soon collapsed for lack of appreciation; the 

 office was transferred back to the Department of Agri- 

 culture, which does not control any timberlands, the 

 Forester resigned, and the bureau was, finally, in 

 1907, restricted to the colonization work, the forestry 

 part being deliberately abandoned. 



Meanwhile the Province of Quebec pursued a more 

 enlightened course: After organizing the Forest- 

 Protection Branch, the government had two foresters 

 educated at one of the American colleges of forestry, 

 and upon their return employed them to supply the 

 technical supervision of cutting on licensed lands, and 

 otherwise to forward forestry reforms. In 1898, a 

 Superintendent of Forestry with a forestry branch 

 was instituted in the federal Department of Interior. 



By these agencies the subject was at least kept 

 in the foreground, and while at first hardly more than 

 propagandist literature was produced in their annual 

 reports, gradually, practical work became possible. 



