430 United States. 



ging. ITotably, various paper and pulp manufacturers 

 realized the usefulness of more systematic attention 

 and conservative methods in the use of their properties. 

 In this connection the object lesson furnished by Mr. 

 G. K. Vanderbilt on his Biltmore Estate in ITorth 

 Carolina, which was begun by Mr. Pinchot and con- 

 ducted by Dr. C. A. Schenck, a German forester, requires 

 special mention as the first, and for nearly 20 years con- 

 tinued experiment in applying forestry methods system- 

 atically in America. At present writing the continuance 

 of this experiment is in doubt. 



With the second decade of the century, we shall 

 enter upon the flood tide of devdopment, when no more 

 need of argument for its necessity, and only the question 

 of practicable methods, will occupy us. 



So far, silviculturally, the selection forest, i. e., cull- 

 ing the best and the stoutest, practiced hitherto by the 

 liunberman, but carried on somewhat more conserva- 

 tively, is apparently still the only method advocated by 

 the Forest Service. This so-called conservative lum- 

 bering is, to be sure, the transition to better methods. 

 According to reports of the federal Forest Service in 

 1907, some million acres of timberland were under 

 forest management or conservatively lumbered. 



Planting of waste lands, as distinguished from plant- 

 ing in the prairies, which had, sporadically and in a 

 small way, been done by individuals here and there for 

 many years, is practised in ever increasing amount, both 

 by State administrations and by private owners; the 

 New York State College of Forestry starting such plant- 

 ing in its College Forest on a larger scale and system- 

 atically, in 1899. At present writing, the forestry de- 



