TRAINING OF HORSES. 51 
pretty close to the buckle; then slip an inch and a half 
ring, or D, over the outer strap, close up to the stitch- 
ing ; then proceed with the stitching for five inches, and 
close up. This finishes the strap, which is calculated to 
- buckle around the fore-foot just below the fetlock. A 
strap or webbing, to tie in the ring, fifteen feet in length, 
completes the long foot-strap, which is used for driving 
in harness. 
THE SHORT FOOT-STRAP. 
‘This is simply a strap or webbing about ten feet in 
length. : wee . 
_ THE SAFETY SHAFTS, : 
.. For these procure three poles or scantling, about three 
or four inches through and twelve feet in length, of 
tough, stiff wood. Lay two of them down about two 
feet apart at one end, and twelve feet apart at the other 
end. Lay the other stick upon the two first poles, across 
the wider end, near enough to the end to allow about 
three inches of the. top pole to project over on each side ; 
‘bore holes through, and with an iron bolt or hard-wood 
peg fasten it strongly to the other two sticks, to form a 
cross-bar. Take a piece of wagon-tire iron about three 
feet long, bent in the form of a breast-collar, and rounded 
on the inside; drill two holes in each end, through which 
firmly rivet the iron to the inside of the two poles, at 
the end where they are the nearest together. Just for- 
ward of the place where the irons are riveted on, bore 
holes through the poles, or drive in staples, so that a 
strap or rope may be attached, to go over the horse’s 
